Rhododendron 'Ramapo', which is a Guy Nearing hybrid documented as Rhododendron minus Carolinianum Group x Rhododendron fastigiatum, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Ramapo' is documented to be the seed parent of the triploid 'Ramolet'.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid Rhododendron minus,
Triploid 'April Rhapsody',
Triploid 'Bluenose',
Triploid 'Purple Gem',
Triploid 'Ramapo',
Triploid 'Ramolet'
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
Showing posts with label FertileTriploid. Show all posts
Showing posts with label FertileTriploid. Show all posts
H: Sunday, November 20, 2011
H: Tuesday, September 13, 2011
Fertile Triploid Orchids
Dactylorhiza fuchsii x purpurella (D. x venusta)
"This tuberous perennial herb is frequent wherever the parents grow together, such as in marshes, fens and wet meadows. It is especially frequent in man-made habitats such as quarries and industrial waste land. It may persist in the absence of D. purpurella if drainage has caused the loss of this species from the site. This partially fertile triploid hybrid can back-cross with its parents, and is often present in long-lived hybrid swarms."
Dactylorhiza fuchsii is a diploid species.
Dactylorhiza purpurella is a tetraploid species.
http://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/index.php?q=list_plants&page=81
"This tuberous perennial herb is frequent wherever the parents grow together, such as in marshes, fens and wet meadows. It is especially frequent in man-made habitats such as quarries and industrial waste land. It may persist in the absence of D. purpurella if drainage has caused the loss of this species from the site. This partially fertile triploid hybrid can back-cross with its parents, and is often present in long-lived hybrid swarms."
Dactylorhiza fuchsii is a diploid species.
Dactylorhiza purpurella is a tetraploid species.
http://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/index.php?q=list_plants&page=81
H: Friday, May 20, 2011
'Pearce's American Beauty' is a Triploid
Rhododendron 'Pearce's American Beauty', which is a Pearce hybrid documented as 'Mrs Charles S Sargent' x 'Doctor H.C. Dresselhuys', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Pearce's American Beauty' may be fertile since the ARS Seed Exchange List contains seed from the cross 'Tooney Bird' X 'Pearce's American Beauty'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Pearce's American Beauty'
Source: RareFind Nursery
Source: Kristian Theqvist
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Pearce's American Beauty' may be fertile since the ARS Seed Exchange List contains seed from the cross 'Tooney Bird' X 'Pearce's American Beauty'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Pearce's American Beauty'
Source: RareFind Nursery
Source: Kristian Theqvist
John and Sally Perkins
H: Thursday, March 17, 2011
'Daviesii' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Daviesii', which is a 1840 Isaac Davies hybrid often documented as Rhododendron viscosum X Rhododendron molle, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Daviesii' is documented to be the seed parent of 'Moorgold', which is a Schmalscheidt hybrid. John Migas has indicated that 'Daviesii' sets viable seed.
Davies' notes indicate that 'Daviesii' was produced using "A. sinesis crossed a hardy white azaleas."
Rhododendron 'Viscosepalum', which is often documented to be Rhododendron molle X Rhododendron viscosum, has been determined to be a tetraploid.
The flow cytometry ploidy results for 'Daviesii' and 'Viscosepalum' indicate the pollen parent may have been the tetraploid Rhododendron atlanticum rather than the diploid Rhododendron viscosum. The normal bloom times for Rhododendron molle and Rhododendron atlanticum overlay whereas this is not the case for Rhododendron molle and Rhododendron viscosum. Rhododendron viscosum and Rhododendron atlanticum are known to colocate in the wild.
'Viscosepalum' and 'Daviesii' are sometimes confused in commercial settings.
Rhododendron 'Daviesii' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Tom Eeckhaut.
Plants labeled Rhododendron 'Daviesii' have also tested as tetraploid and pentaploid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid Rhododendron molle,
Diploid Rhododendron viscosum,
Triploid 'Graf von Meran',
Triploid 'Daviesii',
Triploid 'Gloria Mundi',
Triploid 'Josephine Klinger',
Tetraploid Rhododendron atlanticum,
Tetraploid 'Viscosepalum'
Source: Greer Gardens
Source: Whitney Nursery
Source: Azaleatuin
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Daviesii' is documented to be the seed parent of 'Moorgold', which is a Schmalscheidt hybrid. John Migas has indicated that 'Daviesii' sets viable seed.
Davies' notes indicate that 'Daviesii' was produced using "A. sinesis crossed a hardy white azaleas."
Rhododendron 'Viscosepalum', which is often documented to be Rhododendron molle X Rhododendron viscosum, has been determined to be a tetraploid.
The flow cytometry ploidy results for 'Daviesii' and 'Viscosepalum' indicate the pollen parent may have been the tetraploid Rhododendron atlanticum rather than the diploid Rhododendron viscosum. The normal bloom times for Rhododendron molle and Rhododendron atlanticum overlay whereas this is not the case for Rhododendron molle and Rhododendron viscosum. Rhododendron viscosum and Rhododendron atlanticum are known to colocate in the wild.
'Viscosepalum' and 'Daviesii' are sometimes confused in commercial settings.
Rhododendron 'Daviesii' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Tom Eeckhaut.
Plants labeled Rhododendron 'Daviesii' have also tested as tetraploid and pentaploid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid Rhododendron molle,
Diploid Rhododendron viscosum,
Triploid 'Graf von Meran',
Triploid 'Daviesii',
Triploid 'Gloria Mundi',
Triploid 'Josephine Klinger',
Tetraploid Rhododendron atlanticum,
Tetraploid 'Viscosepalum'
Source: Greer Gardens
Source: Whitney Nursery
Source: Azaleatuin
John and Sally Perkins
H: Wednesday, March 16, 2011
'Gloria Mundi' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Gloria Mundi', which is a 1835 J. Verleeuwen Ghent hybrid, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Vlasta' is documented as a cross of 'Gloria Mundi' x 'Anthony Koster'.
Rhododendron 'Gloria Mundi' has set seedpods at the Arnold Arboretum when pollinated with known tetraploids.
The Ghents are documented as having been produced from crossing diploid and tetraploid deciduous azalea species. This result appears to support that documentation.
Rhododendron 'Gloria Mundi' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Tom Eeckhaut.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Bronze Unique',
Triploid 'Daviesii',
Triploid 'Deep Rose',
Triploid 'Gloria Mundi',
Triploid 'Josephine Klinger'
Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 10125
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Vlasta' is documented as a cross of 'Gloria Mundi' x 'Anthony Koster'.
Rhododendron 'Gloria Mundi' has set seedpods at the Arnold Arboretum when pollinated with known tetraploids.
The Ghents are documented as having been produced from crossing diploid and tetraploid deciduous azalea species. This result appears to support that documentation.
Rhododendron 'Gloria Mundi' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Tom Eeckhaut.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Bronze Unique',
Triploid 'Daviesii',
Triploid 'Deep Rose',
Triploid 'Gloria Mundi',
Triploid 'Josephine Klinger'
Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 10125
John and Sally Perkins
H: Monday, January 10, 2011
'Angel Powder' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Angel Powder', which is Weldon Delp hybrid documented as R. minus var. minus 'Epoch' x R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Werner Brack has germinated open pollinated seed collected from 'Angel Powder'. 'Angel Powder' is the first documented fertile triploid lepidote.
In the case of triploid 'Angel Powder', a tetraploid crossed with a diploid produced a triploid indicating that normal reduced meiosis most likely occurred for both parents. In other words, 'Angel Powder' having 39 chromosomes received 26 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Epoch' and 13 chromosomes from the diploid R. mucronulatum.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Angel Powder',
Triploid 'Kehr's White Ruffles',
Tetraploid R. minus var. minus 'Epoch'
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Werner Brack has germinated open pollinated seed collected from 'Angel Powder'. 'Angel Powder' is the first documented fertile triploid lepidote.
In the case of triploid 'Angel Powder', a tetraploid crossed with a diploid produced a triploid indicating that normal reduced meiosis most likely occurred for both parents. In other words, 'Angel Powder' having 39 chromosomes received 26 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Epoch' and 13 chromosomes from the diploid R. mucronulatum.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Angel Powder',
Triploid 'Kehr's White Ruffles',
Tetraploid R. minus var. minus 'Epoch'
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
H: Saturday, December 11, 2010
'Taurus' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Taurus', which is a Frank Mossman hybrid documented as 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague' x R. strigillosum, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Frank Mossman considered Rhododendron 'Taurus' to be his one standout hybridizing achievement.
Rhododendron 'Taurus', although reluctant to be a parent, appears to be both seed and pollen fertile. Werner Brack raised several seedlings from open pollinated seed collected from a 'Taurus' in his garden. The 'Taurus' in the Brack garden was tested and shown to be a triploid. This provides direct evidence that a triploid Rhododendron can indeed set viable seed.
A seedling of a Jack Rosenthal cross of Rhododendron yakushimanum x 'Taurus' was, also, determined to be a triploid.
In the case of the triploid 'Taurus', a diploid crossed with a diploid produced a triploid indicating that unreduced meiosis most likely occurred for one of the diploid parents. In other words, 'Taurus' having 39 chromosomes most likely received 13 from one diploid parent and 26 chromosomes from the other diploid parent.
Rhododendron 'Taurus' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.
Rhododendron 'Grace Seabrook', which is also documented as 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' x R. strigillosum, has been determined to be a triploid.
Rhododendron 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', although a diploid, is documented as the parent of several triploids indicating 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' may throw more unreduced gametes than most diploids.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague',
Triploid 'Grace Seabrook',
Triploid 'Taurus',
Triploid A seedling of Rhododendron yakushimanum x 'Taurus'
Source: Greer Gardens
Source: Werner Brack
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Frank Mossman considered Rhododendron 'Taurus' to be his one standout hybridizing achievement.
Rhododendron 'Taurus', although reluctant to be a parent, appears to be both seed and pollen fertile. Werner Brack raised several seedlings from open pollinated seed collected from a 'Taurus' in his garden. The 'Taurus' in the Brack garden was tested and shown to be a triploid. This provides direct evidence that a triploid Rhododendron can indeed set viable seed.
A seedling of a Jack Rosenthal cross of Rhododendron yakushimanum x 'Taurus' was, also, determined to be a triploid.
In the case of the triploid 'Taurus', a diploid crossed with a diploid produced a triploid indicating that unreduced meiosis most likely occurred for one of the diploid parents. In other words, 'Taurus' having 39 chromosomes most likely received 13 from one diploid parent and 26 chromosomes from the other diploid parent.
Rhododendron 'Taurus' was also determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.
Rhododendron 'Grace Seabrook', which is also documented as 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' x R. strigillosum, has been determined to be a triploid.
Rhododendron 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', although a diploid, is documented as the parent of several triploids indicating 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' may throw more unreduced gametes than most diploids.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague',
Triploid 'Grace Seabrook',
Triploid 'Taurus',
Triploid A seedling of Rhododendron yakushimanum x 'Taurus'
Source: Greer Gardens
Source: Werner Brack
John and Sally Perkins
H: Monday, November 22, 2010
It is 1913 so What Do You Do?
It is a Beautiful Spring Day in 1913 so What Do You Do?
John and Sally Perkins
Figure 1: Triploids can be Fertile and can create a Bidirectional Pathway Between Ploidy Levels
In spring 1913, George V is the first Windsor King of England, Woodrow Wilson is serving his first term as President of the United States, and World War I is a future event. The 2 most popular Rhododendrons in the world are 'Pink Pearl', a 1890's Waterer hybrid, and 'Cynthia', a 1850's Noble and Standish hybrid. On a beautiful spring day in 1913 if you are Henry 'Harry' White, a nursery manager in Sunningdale, England you cross 'Pink Pearl' by 'Cynthia'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Countess of Derby'.
In spring 1961, John Kennedy is the young handsome President of the United States and Vietnam is a country unknown to most Americans. On a beautiful spring day in 1961 if you are Harold Greer, living in Eugene, Oregon, you self 'Countess of Derby'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Trude Webster'.
In spring 1969, Richard Nixon is the President of the United States and Watergate is simply an office building in the DC area. On a beautiful spring day in 1969 if you are Robert Korn in Renton, Washington, you place the pollen from 'Gomer Waterer', a 1900 Waterer 'Pink Pearl' hybrid, onto 'Diane'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Phyllis Korn'.
In spring 1988, George H. Bush is the Vice President of the United States and Iraq is simply a country somewhere in the Middle East. On a beautiful spring day in 1988 if you are Jim Barlup, living in Bellevue, Washington, you cross 'Whitney's Late Peach' by 'Phyllis Korn'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Summer Peach'.
In spring 2001, George W. Bush is the President of the United States and the Twin Towers in New York City are still standing. On a beautiful spring day in 2001 if you are Jim Barlup, living in Bellevue, Washington, you cross 'Phyllis Korn' by 'Trude Webster' to create several viable offspring.
So what have you done starting in 1913?
Well you took 2 fertile triploids from the 19th century, namely 'Pink Pearl' and 'Cynthia' and created a tetraploid, namely 'Countess of Derby'. You then selfed the tetraploid 'Countess of Derby' creating a tetraploid, namely 'Truder Webster'. You then placed pollen from the triploid 'Gomer Waterer' onto a diploid seed parent, namely 'Diane' creating a triploid, namely 'Phyllis Korn'. You then used the pollen of a triploid, namely Phyllis Korn' to create a diploid, namely 'Summer Peach'. You then placed the pollen of the tetraploid 'Trude Webster' onto the triploid seed parent 'Phyllis Korn' and produced a series of pentaploid seedlings. See figure 1.
By doing so you ended the myth that triploids are always sterile showing that triploids can be both seed and pollen parents. Moreover, triploids, when used in hybridization, produce both reduced and unreduced gametes. You demonstrated that triploids provide a pathway for the bidirectional transfer of genes between diploids, triploids, tetraploids, and pentaploids.
It took you a few beautiful spring days doing crosses, a few changes of names and addresses, nearly 90 years, and a team of young researchers at the University of Coimbra in Portugal to confirm your results but all in all not a bad piece of work.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Diploid 'Summer Peach',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster', and
Pentaploid Seedlings of 'Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster'
Flow cytometry to determine ploidy levels performed by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
The following people and organizations donored samples for this reasearch:
John Abbott,
Vivian Abney of East Fork Nursery,
Arnold Arboretum,
Audra State Park, WV,
Jim Barlup,
Barlett Arboretum,
Jane Brooks,
Joe Bruso,
Canobie Lake, NH,
Dick Cavender,
Werner Brack,
Ned Brockenbrough,
Marc Colombel,
Bruce Clyburn,
Connecticut College Arboretum,
Mike Creel,
Al Fitzburg,
Robert Fox,
Harold Greer of Greer Gardens,
George Hibben,
Highstead Arboretum,
Don Hyatt,
Lindy Johnson of Appalachian Native Plants,
Richard Jaynes of Broken Arrow Nursery,
Doug Jolley,
Fred Knippel,
Longwood Gardens,
Ron Miller,
Dick Murcott,
John and Sally Perkins,
Planeview Nursery,
Ron Rabideau of RareFind Nursery,
Ellie Sather of Whitney Gardens,
Stoddard Blog, NH,
John Thornton,
Hendrik Van Oostand of Azaleatuin,
Kathy Van Veen of Van Veen Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
Figure 1: Triploids can be Fertile and can create a Bidirectional Pathway Between Ploidy Levels
In spring 1913, George V is the first Windsor King of England, Woodrow Wilson is serving his first term as President of the United States, and World War I is a future event. The 2 most popular Rhododendrons in the world are 'Pink Pearl', a 1890's Waterer hybrid, and 'Cynthia', a 1850's Noble and Standish hybrid. On a beautiful spring day in 1913 if you are Henry 'Harry' White, a nursery manager in Sunningdale, England you cross 'Pink Pearl' by 'Cynthia'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Countess of Derby'.
In spring 1961, John Kennedy is the young handsome President of the United States and Vietnam is a country unknown to most Americans. On a beautiful spring day in 1961 if you are Harold Greer, living in Eugene, Oregon, you self 'Countess of Derby'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Trude Webster'.
In spring 1969, Richard Nixon is the President of the United States and Watergate is simply an office building in the DC area. On a beautiful spring day in 1969 if you are Robert Korn in Renton, Washington, you place the pollen from 'Gomer Waterer', a 1900 Waterer 'Pink Pearl' hybrid, onto 'Diane'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Phyllis Korn'.
In spring 1988, George H. Bush is the Vice President of the United States and Iraq is simply a country somewhere in the Middle East. On a beautiful spring day in 1988 if you are Jim Barlup, living in Bellevue, Washington, you cross 'Whitney's Late Peach' by 'Phyllis Korn'. You later name a seedling from this cross 'Summer Peach'.
In spring 2001, George W. Bush is the President of the United States and the Twin Towers in New York City are still standing. On a beautiful spring day in 2001 if you are Jim Barlup, living in Bellevue, Washington, you cross 'Phyllis Korn' by 'Trude Webster' to create several viable offspring.
So what have you done starting in 1913?
Well you took 2 fertile triploids from the 19th century, namely 'Pink Pearl' and 'Cynthia' and created a tetraploid, namely 'Countess of Derby'. You then selfed the tetraploid 'Countess of Derby' creating a tetraploid, namely 'Truder Webster'. You then placed pollen from the triploid 'Gomer Waterer' onto a diploid seed parent, namely 'Diane' creating a triploid, namely 'Phyllis Korn'. You then used the pollen of a triploid, namely Phyllis Korn' to create a diploid, namely 'Summer Peach'. You then placed the pollen of the tetraploid 'Trude Webster' onto the triploid seed parent 'Phyllis Korn' and produced a series of pentaploid seedlings. See figure 1.
By doing so you ended the myth that triploids are always sterile showing that triploids can be both seed and pollen parents. Moreover, triploids, when used in hybridization, produce both reduced and unreduced gametes. You demonstrated that triploids provide a pathway for the bidirectional transfer of genes between diploids, triploids, tetraploids, and pentaploids.
It took you a few beautiful spring days doing crosses, a few changes of names and addresses, nearly 90 years, and a team of young researchers at the University of Coimbra in Portugal to confirm your results but all in all not a bad piece of work.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Diploid 'Summer Peach',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster', and
Pentaploid Seedlings of 'Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster'
Flow cytometry to determine ploidy levels performed by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
The following people and organizations donored samples for this reasearch:
John Abbott,
Vivian Abney of East Fork Nursery,
Arnold Arboretum,
Audra State Park, WV,
Jim Barlup,
Barlett Arboretum,
Jane Brooks,
Joe Bruso,
Canobie Lake, NH,
Dick Cavender,
Werner Brack,
Ned Brockenbrough,
Marc Colombel,
Bruce Clyburn,
Connecticut College Arboretum,
Mike Creel,
Al Fitzburg,
Robert Fox,
Harold Greer of Greer Gardens,
George Hibben,
Highstead Arboretum,
Don Hyatt,
Lindy Johnson of Appalachian Native Plants,
Richard Jaynes of Broken Arrow Nursery,
Doug Jolley,
Fred Knippel,
Longwood Gardens,
Ron Miller,
Dick Murcott,
John and Sally Perkins,
Planeview Nursery,
Ron Rabideau of RareFind Nursery,
Ellie Sather of Whitney Gardens,
Stoddard Blog, NH,
John Thornton,
Hendrik Van Oostand of Azaleatuin,
Kathy Van Veen of Van Veen Nursery
H: Saturday, November 20, 2010
'Betty Wormald' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Betty Wormald', which is a 1907 Koster hybrid documented as a 'George Hardy' hybrid, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Betty Wormald' is documented as the seed parent of 'Scandinavia'.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Betty Wormald'
Source: Van Veen Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Betty Wormald' is documented as the seed parent of 'Scandinavia'.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Betty Wormald'
Source: Van Veen Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
H: Thursday, November 18, 2010
'Val d'Aulnay' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Val d'Aulnay', which is a Croux and Fils hybrid, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Val d'Aulnay' is the seed parent of 'L'Engin', which has been determined to be tetraploid. 'Lem's Cameo', which has been determined to be diploid, is the pollen parent of 'L'Engin'.
In the case of the tetraploid 'L'Engin', a triploid crossed with a diploid produced a tetraploid indicating that unreduced meiosis occurred for either the triploid 'Val d'Aulnay' or the diploid 'Lem's Cameo'. In other words, 'L'Engin' having 52 chromosomes either 1) received all 39 of 'Val d'Aulnay' chromosomes plus 13 from 'Lem's Cameo' or 2) received 26 from 'Val d'Aulnay' plus all 26 of 'Lem's Cameo' chromosomes.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Lem's Cameo',
Triploid 'Val d'Aulnay',
Tetraploid L'Engin
Source Marc Colombel
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Val d'Aulnay' is the seed parent of 'L'Engin', which has been determined to be tetraploid. 'Lem's Cameo', which has been determined to be diploid, is the pollen parent of 'L'Engin'.
In the case of the tetraploid 'L'Engin', a triploid crossed with a diploid produced a tetraploid indicating that unreduced meiosis occurred for either the triploid 'Val d'Aulnay' or the diploid 'Lem's Cameo'. In other words, 'L'Engin' having 52 chromosomes either 1) received all 39 of 'Val d'Aulnay' chromosomes plus 13 from 'Lem's Cameo' or 2) received 26 from 'Val d'Aulnay' plus all 26 of 'Lem's Cameo' chromosomes.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Lem's Cameo',
Triploid 'Val d'Aulnay',
Tetraploid L'Engin
Source Marc Colombel
John and Sally Perkins
H: Wednesday, November 17, 2010
'Cotton Candy' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Cotton Candy', which is a Henny and Wennekamp hybrid documented as 'Loderi Venus' x 'Marinus Koster', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Cotton Candy' has been successfully used as both a seed and pollen parent by L. L. Newcomb and M. Stockman.
In the case of the triploid (39 chromosomes) 'Cotton Candy', a diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a triploid indicating normal meiosis occurred where the diploid 'Loderi Venus' contributed a 1x gamete (13 chromosomes) and the tetraploid 'Marinus Koster' contributed a 2x gamete (26 chromosomes).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Loderi Venus',
Triploid 'Cotton Candy',
Tetraploid 'Marinus Koster'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Cotton Candy' has been successfully used as both a seed and pollen parent by L. L. Newcomb and M. Stockman.
In the case of the triploid (39 chromosomes) 'Cotton Candy', a diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a triploid indicating normal meiosis occurred where the diploid 'Loderi Venus' contributed a 1x gamete (13 chromosomes) and the tetraploid 'Marinus Koster' contributed a 2x gamete (26 chromosomes).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Loderi Venus',
Triploid 'Cotton Candy',
Tetraploid 'Marinus Koster'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
H: Sunday, November 14, 2010
'Gomer Waterer' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Gomer Waterer', which is a 1900 Waterer hybrid documented as 'Madame Carvalho' x 'Pink Pearl', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Gomer Waterer', which has 'Broughtonii' and 'Pink Pearl' as ancestors, is documented as the pollen parent of 'Phyllis Korn', which has been determined to be a triploid. 'Diane', which is a diploid, is the seed parent of 'Phyllis Korn'.
'Gomer Waterer' is a 19th century hybrid hardy in zone 6.
Summary of a Polyploidy Ancestor Chain involving 'Gomer Waterer'
'Broughtonii' to 'Pink Pearl' to 'Gomer Waterer' to 'Phyllis Korn' to ('Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster')
Summary of Fertile Triploids
'Anna Rose Whitney',
'Betty Wormald',
'Broughtonii',
'Cynthia',
'Cotton Candy',
'Gomer Waterer',
'Lydia',
'Platinum Pearl',
'Phyllis Korn',
'Pink Pearl',
'Rwain',
'Taurus',
'Val d'Aulnay'
Summary of Triploids from the 19th Century
'Broughtonii' 1840,
'Cynthia' 1856,
'Beauty of Littleworth' 1884,
'Pink Pearl' 1892,
'Gomer Waterer' 1900
Summary of Polyploids Hardy in Zone 6
'Anita Gehnrich',
'August Lamken',
'Cynthia',
'Gartendirektor Rieger',
'Gomer Waterer',
'Grace Seabrook',
'Hallelujah',
'Phyllis Korn',
'Solidarity',
'Taurus',
'Trude Webster'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Triploid 'Anita Gehnrich',
Triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney',
Triploid 'August Lamken',
Triploid 'Beauty of Littleworth',
triploid 'Betty Wormald',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cotton Candy',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gartendirektor Rieger',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Grace Seabrook',
Triploid 'Hallelujah',
Triploid 'Lydia',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Triploid 'Rwain',
Triploid 'Solidarity',
Triploid 'Taurus',
Triploid 'Val d'Aulnay',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster',
Pentaploid (2 Seedlings from 'Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster')
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Gomer Waterer', which has 'Broughtonii' and 'Pink Pearl' as ancestors, is documented as the pollen parent of 'Phyllis Korn', which has been determined to be a triploid. 'Diane', which is a diploid, is the seed parent of 'Phyllis Korn'.
'Gomer Waterer' is a 19th century hybrid hardy in zone 6.
Summary of a Polyploidy Ancestor Chain involving 'Gomer Waterer'
'Broughtonii' to 'Pink Pearl' to 'Gomer Waterer' to 'Phyllis Korn' to ('Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster')
Summary of Fertile Triploids
'Anna Rose Whitney',
'Betty Wormald',
'Broughtonii',
'Cynthia',
'Cotton Candy',
'Gomer Waterer',
'Lydia',
'Platinum Pearl',
'Phyllis Korn',
'Pink Pearl',
'Rwain',
'Taurus',
'Val d'Aulnay'
Summary of Triploids from the 19th Century
'Broughtonii' 1840,
'Cynthia' 1856,
'Beauty of Littleworth' 1884,
'Pink Pearl' 1892,
'Gomer Waterer' 1900
Summary of Polyploids Hardy in Zone 6
'Anita Gehnrich',
'August Lamken',
'Cynthia',
'Gartendirektor Rieger',
'Gomer Waterer',
'Grace Seabrook',
'Hallelujah',
'Phyllis Korn',
'Solidarity',
'Taurus',
'Trude Webster'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Triploid 'Anita Gehnrich',
Triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney',
Triploid 'August Lamken',
Triploid 'Beauty of Littleworth',
triploid 'Betty Wormald',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cotton Candy',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gartendirektor Rieger',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Grace Seabrook',
Triploid 'Hallelujah',
Triploid 'Lydia',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Triploid 'Rwain',
Triploid 'Solidarity',
Triploid 'Taurus',
Triploid 'Val d'Aulnay',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster',
Pentaploid (2 Seedlings from 'Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster')
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
H: Saturday, November 13, 2010
'Phyllis Korn' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Phyllis Korn', which is a Korn hybrid documented as 'Diane' x 'Gomer Waterer', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Phyllis Korn', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Diane', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Gomer Waterer' as ancestors, is documented as the pollen parent of 'Summer Peach', which has been determined to be a diploid. Jim Barlup produced several seedlings using 'Phyllis Korn' as the seed parent and 'Trude Webster' as the pollen parent.
'Phyllis Korn' is hardy in zone 6.
'Peach Recital' and 'Summer Wind' are diploid offspring of 'Summer Peach'.
'Trude Webster' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Cynthia', 'Countess of Derby' and has as descendants 'Platinum Pearl', 'Grand Slam', and 'Gentle Giant'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',
Diploid 'Peach Recital',
Diploid 'Summer Peach',
Diploid 'Summer Wind',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Gentle Giant',
Tetraploid 'Grand Slam',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Phyllis Korn', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Diane', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Gomer Waterer' as ancestors, is documented as the pollen parent of 'Summer Peach', which has been determined to be a diploid. Jim Barlup produced several seedlings using 'Phyllis Korn' as the seed parent and 'Trude Webster' as the pollen parent.
'Phyllis Korn' is hardy in zone 6.
'Peach Recital' and 'Summer Wind' are diploid offspring of 'Summer Peach'.
'Trude Webster' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Cynthia', 'Countess of Derby' and has as descendants 'Platinum Pearl', 'Grand Slam', and 'Gentle Giant'
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',
Diploid 'Peach Recital',
Diploid 'Summer Peach',
Diploid 'Summer Wind',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Gentle Giant',
Tetraploid 'Grand Slam',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: John and Sally Perkins
John and Sally Perkins
H: Saturday, November 06, 2010
'Cynthia' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Cynthia', which is a 1856 Standish and Noble hybrid documented as R. catawbiense x R. griffithianum, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Cynthia' is the pollen parent of 'Countess of Derby'. M. Stockman used 'Cynthia' as a seed or pollen parent in several of his crosses.
'Countess of Derby', which has 'Pink Pearl' and 'Cynthia' as parents and 'Broughtonii' as an ancestor, is a cross between 2 fertile triploids.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Cynthia' is the pollen parent of 'Countess of Derby'. M. Stockman used 'Cynthia' as a seed or pollen parent in several of his crosses.
'Countess of Derby', which has 'Pink Pearl' and 'Cynthia' as parents and 'Broughtonii' as an ancestor, is a cross between 2 fertile triploids.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
H: Wednesday, November 03, 2010
'Platinum Pearl' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Platinum Pearl', which is a Harold Greer hybrid documented as 'Trude Webster' x R. fortunei ssp. discolor, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Platinum Pearl', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Cynthia', 'Countess of Derby', and 'Trude Webster' as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Gentle Giant'. 'Point Defiance', which has 'Marinus Koster' as an ancestor, is the seed parent of 'Gentle Giant'.
Notice 'Gentle Giant' represents the merging of 2 multi-generational polyploid lines, namely 1) 'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Countess of Derby (4x)' (polyploid), 'Trude Webster' (4x), 'Platinum Pearl' (3x), to 'Gentle Giant' (4x) and 2) 'Marinus Koster' (4x), 'Point Defiance' (4x), to 'Gentle Giant' (4x).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Gentle Giant',
Tetraploid 'Marinus Koster',
Tetraploid 'Point Defiance',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: Greer Gardens
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Platinum Pearl', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Cynthia', 'Countess of Derby', and 'Trude Webster' as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Gentle Giant'. 'Point Defiance', which has 'Marinus Koster' as an ancestor, is the seed parent of 'Gentle Giant'.
Notice 'Gentle Giant' represents the merging of 2 multi-generational polyploid lines, namely 1) 'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Countess of Derby (4x)' (polyploid), 'Trude Webster' (4x), 'Platinum Pearl' (3x), to 'Gentle Giant' (4x) and 2) 'Marinus Koster' (4x), 'Point Defiance' (4x), to 'Gentle Giant' (4x).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Platinum Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Gentle Giant',
Tetraploid 'Marinus Koster',
Tetraploid 'Point Defiance',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: Greer Gardens
John and Sally Perkins
H: Tuesday, November 02, 2010
'Lydia' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Lydia', which is a Harold Greer hybrid documented as 'Antoon van Welie' x 'Day Dream Group', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Lydia', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Antoon van Welie' as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Grand Slam'. 'Trude Webster', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Countess of Derby' as ancestors, is the seed parent of 'Grand Slam'.
Notice 'Grand Slam' represents the merging of 2 multi-generational polyploid lines, namely 1)'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Cynthia' (3x), 'Countess of Derby' (4x), 'Trude Webster' (4x), to 'Grand Slam' (4x) and 2)'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Antoon van Welie' (4x), Lydia (3x) to Grand Slam (4x).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Lydia',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Grand Slam',
Tetraploid 'Antoon van Welie',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: Greer Gardens
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Lydia', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Antoon van Welie' as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Grand Slam'. 'Trude Webster', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Countess of Derby' as ancestors, is the seed parent of 'Grand Slam'.
Notice 'Grand Slam' represents the merging of 2 multi-generational polyploid lines, namely 1)'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Cynthia' (3x), 'Countess of Derby' (4x), 'Trude Webster' (4x), to 'Grand Slam' (4x) and 2)'Broughtonii' (3x), 'Pink Pearl' (3x), 'Antoon van Welie' (4x), Lydia (3x) to Grand Slam (4x).
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Lydia',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Grand Slam',
Tetraploid 'Antoon van Welie',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster'
Source: Greer Gardens
John and Sally Perkins
H: Monday, October 18, 2010
'Anna Rose Whitney' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Anna Rose Whitney', which is van Veen hybrid introduced by William Whitney and documented as R. griersonianum x 'Countess of Derby', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Anna Rose Whitney', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Countess of Derby'
as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Hurricane'; however, like many (semi)fertile triploids 'Anna Rose Whitney' is reluctant to produce viable seedlings as either a seed or pollen parent.
In the case of triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney', a suspected diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a triploid indicating that normal reduced meiosis most likely occurred for both parents. In other words, 'Anna Rose Whitney' having 39 chromosomes received 13 chromosomes from the suspected diploid R. griersonianum and 26 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Hurricane',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
'Anna Rose Whitney', which has 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', and 'Countess of Derby'
as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Hurricane'; however, like many (semi)fertile triploids 'Anna Rose Whitney' is reluctant to produce viable seedlings as either a seed or pollen parent.
In the case of triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney', a suspected diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a triploid indicating that normal reduced meiosis most likely occurred for both parents. In other words, 'Anna Rose Whitney' having 39 chromosomes received 13 chromosomes from the suspected diploid R. griersonianum and 26 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Hurricane',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Anna Rose Whitney',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
H: Sunday, October 17, 2010
'Pink Pearl' is a Fertile Triploid.
Rhododendron 'Pink Pearl', which is a Waterer hybrid documented as 'George Hardy' x 'Broughtonii', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group
Centre for Functional Ecology
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra.
'Pink Pearl' is sometimes referred to as the first commercially successful Rhododendron.
Other flow cytometry results from this research team include the following
'Broughtonii', the documented pollen parent of 'Pink Pearl', is a triploid.
'Antoon van Welie', which has 'Pink Pearl' as a documented seed parent, is a tetraploid.
'Gomer Waterer', which has 'Pink Pearl' as a documented pollen parent, is a
triploid.
'Graf Zeppelin', which has 'Pink Pearl' as a documented seed parent, is a
diploid.
'J.G. Millais', which has 'Pink Pearl' as a documented pollen parent, is a diploid.
'Topsvoort Pearl', which is documented sport of 'Pink Pearl', is a triploid.
'Ebony Pearl', which is documented sport of 'Pink Pearl', is a triploid.
'Mother of Pearl', which is a documented sport of 'Pink Pearl', is a diploid.
'Phyllis Korn', which has 'Gomer Waterer' as a document pollen parent, is a triploid.
'Countess of Derby', which has 'Pink Pearl' as the documented seed parent and 'Cynthia' as the documented pollen parent, is a tetraploid.
'Trude Webster', which is documented as 'Countess of Derby' selfed, is a tetraploid.
'Diane', which is documented as the seed parent of 'Phyllis Korn', is a diploid.
'Summer Peach', which has 'Phyllis Korn' as a documented pollen parent, is a diploid.
'Summer Wind' and 'Peach Recital', which have 'Summer Peach' as a documented pollen parent, are a diploids.
Seedlings of Jim Barlup's cross of 'Phyllis Korn' by 'Trude Webster' have been determined to be pentaploids.
These results from the researchers at the University of Coimbra indicate 4 generations of fertile triploids, that triploids can produce diploid, triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid offspring, and sports of triploids can be both ploidy stable and ploidy unstable.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'Diane',
Diploid 'Graf Zeppelin',
Diploid 'J.G. Millais',
Diploid 'Mother of Pearl',
Diploid 'Peach Recital,
Diploid 'Summer Peach',
Diploid 'Summer Wind',
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Cynthia',
Triploid 'Ebony Pearl',
Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl',
Triploid 'Topsvoort Pearl',
Tetraploid 'Antoon van Welie',
Tetraploid 'Countess of Derby',
Tetraploid 'Trude Webster',
Pentaploid Seedlings of 'Phyllis Korn' X 'Trude Webster'
Source: Whitney Nursery
John and Sally Perkins
H: Tuesday, October 12, 2010
'Solidarity' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Solidarity', which is a Hank Schannen hybrid documented as R. degronianum ssp. yakushimanum X 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Solidarity' is known, on occasion, to produce open pollinated seedpods and this seed will sometimes germinate.
Rhododendron 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', although a diploid, is documented as the parent of several triploids indicating 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' may throw more unreduced gametes than most diploids.
Rhododendron 'Anita Gehnrich', which is documented as the reverse cross of 'Solidarity, is also a triploid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague',
Triploid 'Anita Gehnrich',
Triploid 'Solidarity'
Source: Werner Brack
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Solidarity' is known, on occasion, to produce open pollinated seedpods and this seed will sometimes germinate.
Rhododendron 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', although a diploid, is documented as the parent of several triploids indicating 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague' may throw more unreduced gametes than most diploids.
Rhododendron 'Anita Gehnrich', which is documented as the reverse cross of 'Solidarity, is also a triploid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague',
Triploid 'Anita Gehnrich',
Triploid 'Solidarity'
Source: Werner Brack
John and Sally Perkins
H: Saturday, October 09, 2010
'Broughtonii' is a Fertile Triploid
Rhododendron 'Broughtonii', which is a 1840 Broughton hybrid documented as an arboreum hybrid, has been determined to be a triploid using flow cytometry by
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Broughtonii' is the pollen parent to the famous 'Pink Pearl'.
Rhododendron 'Broughtonii' is the oldest known polyploid large elepidote hybrid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl'
Source Marc Colombel
John and Sally Perkins
Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
Centre for Functional Ecology,
Department of Life Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Rhododendron 'Broughtonii' is the pollen parent to the famous 'Pink Pearl'.
Rhododendron 'Broughtonii' is the oldest known polyploid large elepidote hybrid.
Summary of Ploidy Levels
Triploid 'Broughtonii',
Triploid 'Pink Pearl'
Source Marc Colombel
John and Sally Perkins
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