tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-260398552024-03-21T17:53:06.950-07:00Rosebay BlogAmerican Rhododendron Society Massachusetts Chapter Rosebay BlogUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comBlogger1681999tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-27322783145734855592011-11-29T04:58:00.000-08:002011-12-14T06:23:44.858-08:00Diploid Tsutsusi Rhododendron SpeciesIn the paper "Flow Cytometric Analysis of Ploidy in Rhododendron (subgenus Tsutsusi)", S. De Schepper1, L. Leus, M. Mertens, E. Van Bockstaele, and M. De Loose found 6 Rhododendron species of section Tsutsusi to be diploid.<br /><br />In the paper "Ploidy Levels and Relative Genome Sizes of Diverse Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars of Rhododendron", Jeff R. Jones, Thomas G. Ranney, Nathan P. Lynch, and Stephen L. Krebs found 1 Rhododendron species of section Tsutsusi to be diploid. Results from this paper are denoted by <sup>j</sup>.<br /><br />Triploids hybrid evergreen azaleas from these 2 papers are also listed here.<br /><br />Diploid<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron indicum</em><br /><em>Rhododendron kiusianum</em><br /><em>Rhododendron mucronatum</em><br /><em>Rhododendron noriakianum</em><br /><em>Rhododendron scabrum</em><br /><em>Rhododendron simsii</em><br /><em>Rhododendron stenopetalum</em> ‘Linearifolium’ <sup>j</sup><br /><br />Triploid<br /><br />'Crimson Majesty' <sup>j</sup><br />'Euratom'<br />'Euratom Orange'<br />'Red Wing'<br /><br />Mixaploid<br /><br />'Casablanca Tetra'USAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-7403436123601542372011-11-13T01:18:00.001-08:002012-01-29T09:46:48.766-08:00Rhododendron columbianum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron columbianum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron columbianum</em> is often documented as being a hybrid between <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em> and <em>Rhododendron neoglandulosum</em>. Since <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em> and <em>Rhododendron neoglandulosum</em> are tetraploid, <em>Rhododendron columbianum</em>, being diploid, is most likely a separate species. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron columbianum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron subarticum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron subulatum</em> China,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diversipilosum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diversipilosum</em> 'Milky Way',<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em> Saco Bog, Maine,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron hypoleucum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron neoglandulosum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron tolmachevii</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron tomentosum</em> Turku Archipelago<br /><br />Source: Kristian Theqvist<br />Source: Hans Eiberg <br />Source: Robert MacIntyre<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-72780193350542505932011-11-01T07:50:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.899-08:00'Lilac Lights' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Lilac Lights', which is in the Northern Lights group from the University of Minnesota documented as <em>Rhododendron canadense</em> X <em>Rhododendron molle</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Frank Abbott',<br />Diploid 'Jane Abbott',<br />Diploid 'Lilac Lights',<br />Diploid 'Orchid Lights',<br />Diploid 'Rosy Lights',<br />Triploid 'Spicy Lights',<br />Triploid 'White Lights',<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron atlanticum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron luteum</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Apricot Surprise',<br />Tetraploid 'Candy Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Golden Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Lemon Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Mandarin Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Northern Hi-Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Tri-Lights'<br /><br />Source: Kristian Theqvist<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-64289366752245606872011-10-28T09:11:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.912-08:00'Rosy Lights' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Rosy Lights', which is in the Northern Lights group from the University of Minnesota documented as <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> X <em>Rhododendron molle</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Frank Abbott',<br />Diploid 'Jane Abbott',<br />Diploid 'Lilac Lights',<br />Diploid 'Orchid Lights',<br />Diploid 'Rosy Lights',<br />Triploid 'Spicy Lights',<br />Triploid 'White Lights',<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron atlanticum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron luteum</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Apricot Surprise',<br />Tetraploid 'Candy Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Golden Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Lemon Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Mandarin Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Northern Hi-Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Tri-Lights'<br /><br />Source: Kristian Theqvist<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-6364050053771661122011-10-21T01:06:00.003-07:002012-10-12T06:48:33.935-07:00Weighing In: Discovering the Ploidy of Hybrid Large Leaf Elepidote Rhododendrons<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-c_FhGJ5t8uE/T1ZDUUHRcOI/AAAAAAAAEBA/5LBosyglwbg/s1600/2012yearbook.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5716830793269080290" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-c_FhGJ5t8uE/T1ZDUUHRcOI/AAAAAAAAEBA/5LBosyglwbg/s400/2012yearbook.jpg" style="cursor: hand; display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 294px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Weighing In</span><span style="font-size: 8pt;"> (Published in RHS Rhododendrons, Camellias, and Magnolias Yearbook 2012)</span><br />
<br />
When we mention the word ploidy most gardeners' eyes glaze over. What does ploidy have to do with their beautiful garden specimens of rhododendrons? <br />
<br />
Yet if we mention 'Cynthia', 'Gomer Waterer', 'Grace Seabrook', 'Horizon Monarch', 'Marinus Koster', 'Pink Pearl', 'Phyllis Korn', 'Point Defiance', 'Taurus', or 'Trude Webster', gardeners quickly add that these are among their favorite rhododendrons or high on their wish list. Yes, these Rhododendrons display "something different" and "highly desirable." <br />
<br />
As dozens more Rhododendrons with larger than normal ploidy levels are revealed below, we hope gardeners see the connection with characteristics of thickness in the leaf and firmness in flower substance. Indeed, remarkable vigor and substance overall, coupled with outstanding floral performance at a young age, starts to make sense. Even gardeners, who do not want to talk about ploidy, love talking about polyploids.<br />
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We are not geneticists. We do have science backgrounds with a passion for knowledge. Our ploidy journey began as simple curiosity combined with a willingness to coordinate with others, scour the Rhododendron literature and the web, and do some field work leading to more discoveries than we ever imagined. <br />
<br />
First, when we refer to ploidy we mean the size of the genetic material of the plant. Genetic material is, in seed bearing plants, the genetic material found in the nucleus of the cell packed into structures called chromosomes.<br />
<br />
There are 2 different techniques used to determine how much genetic material is in a cell and therefore, an estimate of the number of chromosomes that are present in the cell. One can count the ways or weigh the counts.<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Count the ways:</span> The classic way to determine the number of chromosomes in a plant is to visualize the chromosomes with stain when they are actively growing, as in a root tip, and then count the different pairs under the microscope. Reports are that this is very tedious, more so in rhododendrons, prone to error, and even eager graduate students are reluctant to cooperate. There are very few studies, mostly older, and even less duplication of results. <br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Weigh the counts:</span> With the technique of flow cytometry it is possible to weigh the genetic material by taking healthy plant tissue and measuring the weight of the genetic material. This technique is much less time consuming and therefore easier to verify by duplicating results. Flow cytometry was developed to detect mutations in tumors and cancer cells. If the cells are normal and growing there would be a small number of cells with double the weight of their chromosomes as they would be in the phase prior to division. Any cells with less than or more than that weight would be an indication of mutations of the amount of genetic material in the cell (i.e. cancer). This valuable technique can also be used to detect the normal weight of genetic material in different species and hybrids of rhododendrons. <br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Polyploidy: Beginning with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5</span><br />
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In most plant cells, i.e. leaves, stems, roots and some parts of the flower; the chromosomes are paired with a matching chromosome to form the diploid state. We say most cells because when it comes time to reproduce, the unfertilized seed and the pollen are formed by the splinting apart of the paired chromosomes forming a nucleus with a single set of chromosomes; the unpaired or haploid state. And just to make things complicated true seeds have extra diploid tissue from the seed parent which merges with a haploid pollen nucleus to form the endosperm of a seed. The fertilized endosperm therefore has 3 sets of chromosome (2 from the seed mother and one from the pollen father) and is triploid. This extra genetic material nourishes the germinating seedling.<br />
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Most Rhododendrons get one set of chromosomes, denoted as 1x, from each parent (female and male) resulting in two sets of chromosomes, are commonly referred to as diploids, and denoted as 2x (1x + 1x = 2x). However some Rhododendrons have four sets of chromosomes, are commonly referred to as tetraploids, and denoted as 4x (2x + 2x = 4x). Triploids have three sets of chromosomes and are denoted 3x. Pentaploids have five sets of chromosomes and are denoted 5x. Rhododendrons having more than two sets of chromosomes are referred to as polyploids. <a href="http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/staff/tranney/understanding_polyploidy2008.pdf">[reference]</a><br />
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Although most Rhododendron species are diploids, tetraploid Rhododendron species exist <a href="http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/mcilab/publications/zhou-etal-2008.pdf">[reference]</a>. Individual triploid Rhododendrons, appearing to be hybrids, sometimes occur naturally where diploid and tetraploid species of Rhododendron are co-located. <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/09/audra-state-park-ploidy-haven.html">[reference]</a><br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Discovering: the Journey</span><br />
<br />
In the fall of 1989, our Rhododendron polyploidy journey unknowingly started when we overheard at a local Rhododendron meeting a statement Frank Mossman wrote in 1972 concerning his hybridization efforts with <strong><em>Rhododendron occidentale</em>: </strong><a href="http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JARS/v26n4/v26n4-mossman.htm">[reference]</a><br />
<br />
<em>"We have found that <strong><em>Rhododendron occidentale</em></strong> will cross with many other rhododendrons or azaleas if <strong><em>Rhododendron occidentale</em></strong> is the seed parent, but <strong><em>Rhododendron occidentale</em></strong> as a pollen parent produces few seed."</em> <br />
<br />
We wondered why.<br />
<br />
In the fall of 2011, we uncovered that in 1972 Harold Greer wrote the following concerning his hybridization with <strong>'Countess of Derby'</strong> to produce <strong>'Trude Webster'</strong>: <a href="http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JARS/v26n2/v26n2-greer.htm">[reference]</a><br />
<br />
<em>"If you are one of those who feels that there could be nothing outstanding produced in a pink rhododendron I would have been the first to agree with you. That was until I saw the first bud unfold on the original seedling of <strong>R. 'Countess of Derby'</strong> selfed."</em><br />
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Both Mossman and Greer had encountered the wonder accompanying the many puzzles presented by polyploid Rhododendrons, so we were in good company. <br />
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Starting in the early 1990's, we unknowingly crossed deciduous azalea involving different ploidy levels leading in 2010 to collecting samples of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid Rhododendrons for ploidy testing at the University of Coimbra in Portugal. Each step on this pathway revealed more about the wonderful world of ploidy in our own Rhododendron garden.<br />
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Below is a summary of what we discovered, often based on the research, observations, and documentation of many others, about the ploidy of hybrid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons and the people encountered on our slow but wondrous journey.<br />
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<img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_lREOGy4A5Yw/TO0V_2YM4_I/AAAAAAAADm8/yhrkldJT4fA/s1600/pinkpearl.jpg" /><br />
<strong>Figure 1: Generational Breeding of Polyploid Hybrid Elepidotes</strong><br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">The ploidy of named hybrid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons as determined using flow cytometry by</span><br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/05/research-team.html">Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro</a><br />
Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />
Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />
Department of Life Sciences,<br />
Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />
<a href="http://www.uc.pt/en/fctuc/ID/plantecolevol/research_team/">University of Coimbra</a>, Portugal<br />
<br />
unless otherwise indicated.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Summary of Ploidy</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">2x <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/2x">Diploids</a></span><br />
<br />
1000 Butterflies<br />
Alice<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/anna-is-diploid.html">Anna</a> (Lem, 1952) U<br />
Betty Hume<br />
Bibiani<br />
Cheyenne *<br />
Colonel Coen<br />
Countess of Athlone<br />
Diane<br />
Duke Of York<br />
Elegans<br />
Everlasting *<br />
Fantastica *<br />
Furnivall's Daughter<br />
Gillii<br />
Gill's Triumph<br />
Goldflimmer *<br />
Goldsworth Orange #<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/graf-zeppelin-is-diploid.html">Graf Zeppelin</a> (van Nes, 1934) P<br />
Horizon Lakeside<br />
Hotei<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/hurricane-is-diploid.html">Hurricane</a> (Whitney, 1960) P<br />
Isabel Pierce<br />
Janet Blair *<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/jg-millais-is-diploid.html">J.G. Millais</a> (Waterer, 1915) P<br />
Jingle Bells #<br />
Kathy Van Veen<br />
Kristian's Pink<br />
Kupferberg #<br />
Lady Bligh<br />
Lady de Rothchild<br />
Lady Eleanor Cathcart<br />
Lavendelmilch<br />
Lem's Cameo<br />
Loderi Venus<br />
Madame Carvalho<br />
Maxicat *<br />
<em>maximum</em> Kalamity<br />
Mindy’s Love<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/mother-of-pearl-is-diploid.html">Mother of Pearl</a> (sport, 1925) P<br />
Mrs A. T. De la Mare<br />
Mrs Lindsay Smith<br />
Mrs. Furnival<br />
Nancy Evans<br />
Naselle<br />
Norman Gill<br />
Nova Zembla * <br />
Olin O. Dobbs<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/orange-leopard-is-diploid.html">Orange Leopard</a> (Brack, 1988) P S<br />
Peach Charm<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/peach-recital-is-diploid.html">Peach Recital</a> (Barlup, 1996) P<br />
Phipps Yellow<br />
Pink Prelude<br />
Polar Bear *<br />
Puget Sound *<br />
Red Olympia<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/09/rendezous-is-diploid.html">Rendezvous</a> (Hachmann, 1968) P S<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/stony-brook-is-diploid.html">Stony Brook</a> (Brack, 1988) P S<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/summer-peach-is-diploid.html">Summer Peach</a> (Barlup, 1988) P<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/summer-wind-is-diploid.html">Summer Wind</a> (Barlup, 1996) P<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/jean-marie-de-montague-is-diploid.html">The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague</a> (van Nes, 1901) U<br />
Viscy #<br />
Voluptuous<br />
Vulcan *<br />
Vulcan’s Flame *<br />
White Pearl syn Halopeanum<br />
Wild Affair<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">3x <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/3x">Triploids</a></span><br />
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<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/anita-gehnrich-is-triploid.html">Anita Gehnrich</a> (Gehnrich) UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/anna-rose-whitney-is-fertile-triploid.html">Anna Rose Whitney</a> (Van Veen, 1954) F NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/august-lamken-is-triploid.html">August Lamken</a> (Hobbie, 1942)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/beauty-of-littleworth-is-triploid.html">Beauty of Littleworth</a> (Mangles, 1884)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/betty-wormald-is-fertile-triploid.html">Betty Wormald</a> (Koster, 1907) F<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/broughtonii-is-triploid.html">Broughtonii</a> (Broughton, 1840) F<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/cotton-candy-is-fertile-triploid.html">Cotton Candy</a> (Henny and Wennekamp, 1958) F UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/cynthia-is-fertile-triploid.html">Cynthia</a> (Standish and Noble, 1856) F<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/02/dame-nellie-melba-is-triploid.html">Dame Nellie Melba</a> (Loder, 1926)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/ebony-pearl-is-triploid.html">Ebony Pearl</a> (sport, 1966)<br />
Django (Hachmann 1985)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/el-camino-is-triploid.html">El Camino</a> (Whitney, 1976) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/gartendirektor-rieger-is-triploid.html">Gartendirektor Rieger</a> (Hobbie, 1947)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/gomer-waterer-is-fertile-triploid.html">Gomer Waterer</a> (Waterer, 1900) F DM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/grace-seabrook-is-triploid.html">Grace Seabrook</a> (Seabrook, 1965) UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/hallelujah-is-triploid.html">Hallelujah</a> (Greer, 1958)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/hanks-folly-is-triploid.html">Hank's Folly</a> (Schannen) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/julia-caroline-is-triploid.html">Julia Caroline</a> (Brockenbrough, 1990) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/lady-of-spain-is-triploid.html">Lady of Spain</a> (Lofthouse, 1966) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/lucky-strike-is-triploid.html">Lucky Strike</a> (Van Veen, 1958) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/lydia-is-fertile-triploid.html">Lydia</a> (Greer, 1963) F NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/markeetas-flame-is-triploid.html">Markeeta's Flame</a> (Markeeta, 1960) UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/markeetas-prize-is-triploid.html">Markeeta's Prize</a> (Markeeta, 1970) UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/opal-thornton-is-triploid.html">Opal Thornton</a> (Thornton) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/05/pearces-american-beauty-is-triploid.html">Pearce's American Beauty</a> (Pearce, 1930) F<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/phyllis-korn-is-fertile-triploid.html">Phyllis Korn</a> (Korn, 1969) F DM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/pink-pearl-is-fertile-triploid.html">Pink Pearl</a> (Waterer, 1892) F DM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/platinum-pearl-is-fertile-triploid.html">Platinum Pearl</a> (Greer, 1983) F NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/rothenburg-is-diploid.html">Rothenburg</a> (von Martin, 1944)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/rwain-is-triploid.html">Rwain</a> (Colombel, 1993) F NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/solidarity-is-triploid.html">Solidarity</a> (Schannen, 1969) F UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/steredenn-is-triploid.html">Steredenn</a> (Colombel) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/sugar-pink-is-triploid.html">Sugar Pink</a> (Greer, 1960) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/super-dog-is-triploid.html">Super Dog</a> (Bones) NM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/taurus-is-fertile-triploid.html">Taurus</a> (Mossman, 1962) F UM<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/topsvoort-pearl-is-triploid.html">Topsvoort Pearl</a> (sport, 1935)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/val-daulnay-is-fertile-triploid.html">Val d'Aulnay</a> (Croux and Fils, 1984) F<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/01/van-is-triploid.html">Van</a> (Van Veen, 1930) NM<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">4x <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/4x">Tetraploids</a></span><br />
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<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/antoon-van-welie-is-tetraploid.html">Antoon van Welie</a> (Endtz, 1930) 3X2<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/04/briggs-red-star-is-tetraploid.html">Brigg's Red Star</a> (Briggs) T<br />
Cherry Cheesecake (Briggs) T *<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/countess-of-derby-is-tetraploid.html">Countess of Derby</a> (White, 1913) 3X3<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/gargantua-is-tetraploid.html"><em>diaprepes</em> Gargantua</a> (Stevenson, 1923)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/doreen-gale-is-tetraploid.html">Doreen Gale</a> (Sanders) 4X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/gentle-giant-is-tetraploid.html">Gentle Giant</a> (Sanders, 1992) 4X3<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/gorgeous-george-is-tetraploid.html">Gorgeous George</a> (Sanders) 4X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/grand-slam-is-tetraploid.html">Grand Slam</a> (Greer, 1982) 4X3<br />
Horizon Jubilee (Brockenbrough) *<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/horizon-monarch-is-tetraploid.html">Horizon Monarch</a> (Brockenbrough, 1981) 2X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/le-fouesnantais-is-tetraploid.html">Le Fouesnantais</a> (Colombel, 1997) 4XQ<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/legend-is-tetraploid.html">Legend</a> (Barlup) 4X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/lems-monarch-is-tetraploid.html">Lem's Monarch</a> syn Pink Walloper (Lem, 1965) 2X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/lengin-is-tetraploid.html">L'Engin</a> (de la Sablière) 4X2<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/marinus-koster-is-tetraploid.html">Marinus Koster</a> (Koster, 1937)<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/point-defiance-is-tetraploid.html">Point Defiance</a> (Lem, 1970) 2X4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/12/summer-joy-is-tetraploid.html">Summer Joy</a> (Kehr) T<br />
Super Nova (Briggs) T *<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/trude-webster-is-tetraploid.html">Trude Webster</a> (Greer, 1960) 4x4<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/very-berry-is-tetraploid.html">Very Berry</a> (Greer, 1988) 4X2<br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/FertileTriploid">F</a> indicates a fertile triploid.<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Treated">T</a> indicates a chemically induced tetraploid.<br />
P indicates a diploid with a polyploid ancestor.<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Superreduced">S</a> indicates a diploid with a tetraploid parent.<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Unreduced">U</a> indicates a diploid with a tendency to produce unreduced gametes.<br />
DM indicates a triploid resulting from a triploid parent.<br />
NM indicates a triploid resulting from a tetraploid parent.<br />
UM indicates a triploid resulting from 2 diploid parents.<br />
2X4 or 4X2 indicates a tetraploid resulting from a diploid and a tetraploid parent.<br />
3X2 indicates a tetraploid resulting from a triploid and a diploid parent.<br />
3X3 indicates a tetraploid resulting from 2 triploids parents.<br />
4X4 indicates a tetraploid resulting from 2 tetraploid parents.<br />
4X3 indicates a tetraploid resulting from a tetraploid and a triploid parent.<br />
4XQ indicates a tetraploid resulting from a tetraploid parent.<br />
* indicates flow cytometry ploidy testing was done by research team lead by <a href="http://www.holdenarb.org/education/documents/Jonesetal2007.pdf">Dr. Ranney</a>.<br />
# indicates flow cytometry ploidy testing was done by <a href="http://lib.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/000/788/476/RUG01-000788476_2010_0001_AC.pdf">Tom Eeckhaut</a>.<br />
(,) indicates the name of the hybridizer and date of cross.<br />
<br />
Noteworthy is the named form <em>diaprepes</em> 'Gargantua'. There is no evidence that the species <em>diaprepes</em> is tetraploid. ONLY the named form 'Gargantua' has tested as tetraploid. To date, no large leaf elepidote species as a population has tested as tetraploid, but this could change. <br />
<br />
For a brief history on how a few of these named polyploid elepidotes evolved read <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/it-is-1913-so-what-do-you-do.html">It is a Beautiful Spring Day in 1913 so What Do You Do?</a> See figure 1 above.<br />
<br />
Historical evidence indicates that by 1910 the triploids 'Betty Wormald', 'Beauty of Littleworth', 'Broughtonii', 'Cynthia', 'Gomer Waterer', 'Pink Pearl' would have been on most peoples' lists of best large leaf Rhododendrons. <br />
<br />
In 1958, <a href="http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JARS/v12n3/v12n3-grace.htm">George Grace's list of best large leaf Rhododendrons</a> included all but one of these triploids plus the tetraploids 'Countess of Derby' and 'Marinus Koster'. <br />
<br />
In 2008, the <a href="http://www.siuslawars.org/resources/Rhodies---Siuslaw-Area/SiuslawRhodies0308.pdf">Siuslaw Chapter of American Rhododendron Society included on their list of best large leaf Rhododendrons</a> the triploids 'Cynthia', 'Dame Nellie Melba', 'Grace Seabrook', and 'Taurus', and the tetraploids 'Grand Slam', 'Lem's Monarch', 'Horizon Monarch', 'Point Defiance', and 'Very Berry'.<br />
<br />
By 2011, examination of <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/roy11se.htm">rhododendrons of the year</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers1.htm">proven performers</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers2.htm">[2]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers3.htm">[3]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers4.htm">[4]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers5.htm">[5]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers6.htm">[6]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers10.htm">[10]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers11.htm">[11]</a>, <a href="http://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/Plant-trials-and-awards/Plant-awards/AGM-plants/AGMPlainText">Award of Garden Merit</a> and <a href="http://www.sworegon-ars.org/2010Show.html">best in show trusses</a> adds to the "bests" mentioned above the triploids 'Anita Gehnrich', 'Anna Rose Whitney', 'Cotton Candy', 'Ebony Pearl', 'Gartendirektor Rieger', 'Hallelujah', 'Markeeta’s Prize', 'Platinum Pearl', 'Solidarity', and 'Super Dog' and the tetraploids 'Gentle Giant' and 'Trude Webster'.<br />
<br />
'Pink Pearl' won the first Award of Merit in 1897 and was selected <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/roy06sw.htm">Rhododendron of the Year in 2006</a> by the Southwestern Chapter of the American Rhododendron Society. In 1950, a large 'Cynthia', bred in 1858, was the first Rhododendron planted in the <a href="http://nwgardenhistory.wordpress.com/2010/05/19/cynthia-crystal-springs-and-everywhere-else/">Crystal Springs Rhododendron Garden</a>. 'Trude Webster' won American Rhododendron Society's first Superior Plant Award in 1971 and is still found on lists of <a href="http://www.rhododendron.org/performers2.htm">proven performers</a> for the west coast. 'Broughtonii', bred in 1840, is still considered to be among the best warm weather Rhododendrons according to <a href="http://www.burkesbackyard.com.au/1998/archives/26?p=2951">Burke</a> who gardens in Australia.<br />
<br />
In other words, over twenty-five of the fifty or so confirmed polyploid large leaf Rhododendrons have appeared on lists of the best Rhododendrons and once these polyploids appear on such lists they tend to make future such "best" lists.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">The following hybridizers have worked with or produced polyploid elepidotes hybrids:</span> <br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Barlup">Barlup</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Bones">Bones</a><br />
Boulter<br />
Bovees <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Brack">Brack</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Briggs">Briggs</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Brockenbrough">Brockenbrough</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Broughton">Broughton</a> <br />
Bruns <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Colombel">Colombel</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/H_CrouxandFils">Croux and Fils</a> <br />
<a herf="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/de%20la%20Sabli%C3%A8re" href="about:blank">de la Sablière</a><br />
Drake<br />
Elliott <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Endtz">Endtz</a><br />
Evans<br />
Farwell<br />
Felix and Dijkhuis<br />
Fennichia <br />
Fujioka<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Gill">Gill</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Greer">Greer</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Gehnrich">Gehnrich</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Hachmann">Hachmann</a><br />
Hall<br />
Hartman<br />
Heinje<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/HennyandWennekamp">Henny and Wennekamp</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Hobbie">Hobbie</a><br />
Horlick<br />
Horsley<br />
Johnson<br />
Kavka<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Kehr">Kehr</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Korn">Korn</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Koster">Koster</a><br />
Larson<br />
Laxdall<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Lem">Lem</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Loderi">Loder</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Lofthouse">Lofthouse</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Mangles">Mangles</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Markeeta">Markeeta</a><br />
McCullough<br />
Moynier <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Mossman">Mossman</a><br />
Murcott<br />
Naylor <br />
Ostler<br />
Patterson<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Pearce">Pearce</a> <br />
Perkins<br />
Rabideau <br />
Ragans<br />
Reuthe<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Sanders">Sanders</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Schannen">Schannen</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Seabrook">Seabrook</a><br />
Shapiro<br />
Smith<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/StandishandNoble">Standish and Noble</a> <br />
Stead<br />
Stevenson<br />
Stockman <br />
Thacker<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Thornton">Thornton</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/vanNes">van Nes</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/VanVeen">Van Veen</a> <br />
Vinson<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/vonMartin">von Martin</a><br />
Walton<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Waterer">Waterer</a><br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/White">White</a> <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/Whitney">Whitney</a> <br />
Wilson<br />
Winberg and Smith<br />
Woodard<br />
<br />
Noteworthy is that more hybridizers have worked with confirmed large leaf elepidote polyploids than there are such confirmed polyploids. More importantly, some of the hybridizers on this list are best known for the polyploid elepidotes they have created. In fact, in a few instances polyploid elepidotes have been named in honor of a wife, a mother, or a grandparent.<br />
<br />
By the way, Mossman working with the diploid deciduous azalea species <em>Rhododendron occidentale</em> discovered what Barlup later discovered working with hybrid elepidotes: diploids are much more likely to accept pollen from tetraploids than tetraploids are to accept pollen from diploids. <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/12/rules-of-engagement.html">Our Rules of Engagement</a> addresses this topic in detail.<br />
<br />
Jim Barlup wrote the following about using polyploid large leaf elepidotes as parents: <a href="http://www.rhododendron.fr/articles/article35c.pdf">[reference]</a><br />
<br />
<em>"I continue to test the pollen and plants which I doubt for 3 or 4 years to determine their fertility or sterility. If you cross a diploid with tetraploid pollen you can achieve beautiful seedpods but their germination is very difficult. 3% seed germination for <strong>'Point Defiance'</strong>. Obtained are both diploid or tetraploid offspring."</em><br />
<br />
Breeding with polyploid large leaf elepidotes is not an easy task which explains why so few polyploids have been created to date despite so many hybridizers having attempted to use them as parents.<br />
<br />
Ron Naylor wrote the following about his best plant, <a href="http://219.88.101.105/e16.html">'Francis Augustus Storey'</a>, from a cross involving 'Point Defiance': <a href="http://www.blogger.com/9.88.101.105/e1995.html">[reference]</a><br />
<br />
<em>"<strong>'Francis Augustus Storey'</strong> - Best of grex of four plants from weak germination. One died in 2000 and another in 2001."</em><br />
<br />
Dick Murcott wrote the following about the plant he calls 'TT116': <a href="http://www.murcottgarden.com/select-seedlings">[reference]</a><br />
<br />
<em>"<strong>TT116</strong> – [('Jean Marie' x R. yakushimanum) x 'Grand Slam']. Only one seed from this cross germinated. Looks like a tetraploid. Pink. Looks like 'Trude Webster' but is definitely a seedling."</em> <br />
<br />
Barlup, Murcott, and Naylor each encountered both the wonder and puzzles presented by polyploid Rhododendrons.<br />
<br />
We have discovered for deciduous azaleas that seed produced from tetraploid X tetraploid normally has high rates of germination but germination from diploid X tetraploid crosses varies greatly but is normally low.<br />
<br />
To read about Frank Abbott's encounter with the wonders of working with deciduous azaleas of different ploidy levels see <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/09/abbott-azaleas.html">Frank Abbott's Village of Azaleas</a> or <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/margaret-abbott-is-tetraploid.html">'Margaret Abbott' is a Tetraploid</a>.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">The following people and organizations donated samples for this research:</span><br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Abbott">John Abbott</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_EastFork">Vivian Abney</a> of <a href="http://www.manta.com/c/mt96nwm/east-fork-nursery">East Fork Nursery</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Arnold">Living Collection</a> of <a href="http://arboretum.harvard.edu/research/living-collections-research/">Arnold Arboretum</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Audra">Natural Collection</a> of <a href="http://www.audrastatepark.com/">Audra State Park</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Barlett">Living Collection</a> of <a href="http://bartlettarboretum.org/">Bartlett Arboretum</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Barlup">Jim Barlup</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Clyburn">Bruce Clyburn</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Brooks">Jane Brooks</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Bruso">Joe Bruso</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Brack">Werner Brack</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Brockenbrough">Ned Brockenbrough</a>,<br />
Natural Collection of Canobie Lake, NH,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Cavender">Dick Cavender</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_CCA">Living Collection</a> of <a href="http://www.conncoll.edu/green/arbo/8588.htm">Connecticut College Arboretum</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Colombel">Marc Colombel</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Creel">Mike Creel</a>,<br />
Hans Eiberg,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Fitzburg">Al Fitzburg</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Fox">Robert Fox</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Greer">Harold Greer</a> of <a href="http://www.greergardens.com/">Greer Gardens</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Hibben">George Hibben</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Highstead">Living Collection</a> of <a href="http://highstead.net/collections/azalea.shtml">Highstead Arboretum</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Hyatt">Don Hyatt</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Appalachian">Lindy Johnson</a> of <a href="http://www.appalachiannativeplants.com/">Appalachian Native Plants</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_BrokenArrow">Richard Jaynes</a> of <a href="http://www.brokenarrownursery.com/">Broken Arrow Nursery</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Jolley">Doug Jolley</a>,<br />
Fred Knippel,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Longwood">Living Collection</a> of <a href="http://www.longwoodgardens.org/LongwoodsPlants_1_3_2_3_2.html">Longwood Gardens</a>,<br />
Wayne Mezitt of Weston Nurseries<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Miller">Ron Miller</a>,<br />
Dick Murcott,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Planeview">Michael Medeiros</a> of Planeview Nursery, Portsmouth, RI<br />
Peter Norris,<br />
Mike O'Hara,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Perkins">John and Sally Perkins</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Rarefind">Ron Rabideau</a> of <a href="http://www.rarefindnursery.com/">RareFind Nursery</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Whitney">Ellie Sather</a> of <a href="http://www.whitneygardens.com/">Whitney Gardens</a>,<br />
Natural Collection of Stoddard Blog, NH,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Theqvist">Kristian Theqvist</a>,<br />
Patrick Thompson of Auburn University<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Thornton">John Thornton</a>, <br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_Azaleatuin">Hendrik Van Oostand</a> of <a href="http://www.azaleatuin.be/">Azaleatuin</a>,<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/S_VanVeen">Kathy Van Veen</a> of <a href="http://www.vanveennursery.com/">Van Veen Nursery</a><br />
<br />
We wish to thank everyone who donated samples for this research.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Named Elepidotes Suspected of being Polyploid:</span><br />
<br />
Adriaan Koster<br />
Aggie<br />
Aibette<br />
Alibaby<br />
Annie E. Endtz<br />
Arden Primrose<br />
Ariel Sherman<br />
Aristide Briand<br />
Arnold Piper * <br />
Arthur Ostler<br />
Babar<br />
Bellevue<br />
Bernard Crisp<br />
Bernard Shaw<br />
Boskoop Concorde <br />
Bruns Sirius<br />
Canadian Beauty *<br />
Cara Meg<br />
Caruso<br />
Castanets <br />
Charis<br />
Courtenay Duke<br />
Dagmar <br />
Denali<br />
Diane Marie<br />
Diane Titcomb<br />
Direktor Siebert<br />
Doctor A. Blok<br />
Doctor Arnold W. Endtz<br />
Doctor H.C. Dresselhuys<br />
Don Juan<br />
Donald Waterer<br />
Doris Nolan<br />
Double Drake<br />
Dr. V.H. Rutgers<br />
Edward Cornelius<br />
Elizabeth Titcomb<br />
Ester Grace<br />
Eureka Maid<br />
Fiona Wilson<br />
Forever Violet<br />
Fragrant Sensation *<br />
Francis Augustus Storey *<br />
Frentano<br />
Friesland<br />
Garnet<br />
George Hardy<br />
Germania *<br />
Gill's Gloriosa<br />
Goliath<br />
Grab Ya *<br />
Gunborg <br />
Gwen Bell<br />
Hachmann's Anastasia<br />
Hachmann's Kristina <br />
Haithabu<br />
Halfdam Lem<br />
Heat Wave<br />
Heinje's Venezia<br />
Helen Druecker<br />
Hollandia<br />
Horizon Serenity *<br />
Ilam Apricot<br />
Inheritance<br />
Irmelies<br />
Isadora<br />
Isobel Baillie<br />
Jan Dekens<br />
Janet Ward<br />
Jean Lennon<br />
Jean Marie Variegated<br />
Jeanne Yvonne<br />
Jenice Coffey<br />
Johnny Bender<br />
Julie Titcomb<br />
Justa Pink<br />
Kareness<br />
Kathe Heinje<br />
Kathy Ann Pieries<br />
Kay Too<br />
KSW<br />
Lady Longman<br />
Leonardslee Giles <br />
Lilian<br />
Loder's White<br />
Lou-John Gem<br />
Madah Jean<br />
Margaret Mack <br />
Marion<br />
Mary-Ed<br />
Maureen Ostler<br />
Melville<br />
Miss Kitty<br />
Mistake<br />
Mrs E C Stirling (sister of Pink Pearl)<br />
Newcomb's Sweetheart<br />
Nicandra Newman<br />
Orrie Dillie<br />
Patricia Jacobs *<br />
Peggy Bannier<br />
Pink Goliath<br />
President Kennedy<br />
Pride of Roseburg *<br />
Princess Debiann<br />
Professor Hugo de Vries<br />
Professor J. H. Zaayer<br />
Qualicum's Pride<br />
Queen Mary<br />
Record<br />
Reverend Paul *<br />
Red Walloper *<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Rhododendron niveum</span><br />
Robert Korn <br />
Romilda<br />
Rotha<br />
Scandinavia<br />
Seraphine<br />
Shalom<br />
Shari Laurel<br />
Sheer Enjoyment *<br />
Sierra Sunrise<br />
Sigrid<br />
Souvenier de Docotr S. Endtz<br />
Standishii<br />
Titness Belle<br />
TT116<br />
Twins Candy<br />
Virgo *<br />
Vonnie Stockman<br />
Walküre<br />
Walloper *<br />
Whidbey Island<br />
White Swan<br />
William Avery *<br />
<br />
Despite having created this suspected polyploid list, we believe that over 25% would not test as polyploid. 'Fragrant Sensation', 'Grab Ya', 'Pride of Roseburg', and 'Sheer Enjoyment' having both parents as tested tetraploids are almost certainly polyploids. We have marked using an * the dozen or so we think are the most likely (almost certainly) polyploids.<br />
<br />
Most in this list are known to have at least one polyploid parent, be a sibling of a polyploid, or be a parent of one or more polyploids. However, both triploid and tetraploid hybrid large leaf elepidotes are known to be capable of producing diploid offspring when the other parent is a diploid. Many hybrids on our suspected polyploid list have one parent suspected of being a diploid. In other words, a diploid can have a polyploid parent or sibling. Moreover, two diploid parents can produce a polyploid offspring so having a polyploid offspring does not insure either parent is a polyploid.<br />
<br />
If one excludes known or suspected polyploid hybrids listed above, creating a list of 100 suspected polyploid named elepidote hybrids, where more than 20% would test as polyploid, would be difficult. In fact, it is highly likely that most attempts at such a list of 100 named elepidote hybrids would include very few if any additional polyploids.<br />
<br />
In other words, we speculate that nearly all (over 90%) named polyploid elepidotes hybrids named prior to this post appear in this single post. This is almost certainly the case for polyploid elepidotes hybrids named prior to 2000. The chances there were more than 200 polyploid elepidote hybrids named prior to 2000 are low. The chances there were more than 50 tetraploid elepidote hybrids named prior to 2000 are even lower.<br />
<br />
<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5551394872516876098" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_lREOGy4A5Yw/TQqEOVhLF0I/AAAAAAAADos/sRf0W-R6wnQ/s1600/pinkpearl3.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /><br />
<strong>Figure 2: Offspring from Triploids</strong> <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2010/10/pink-pearl-is-fertile-triploid.html">(Pink Pearl)</a><br />
<br />
In short there are no rules of thumb for guessing the ploidy of the offspring for hybrid large leaf elepidotes if the parents are of mixed ploidy levels or either parent is a triploid or pentaploid.<br />
<br />
Diploid X diploid will almost always (but not always) create diploid offspring.<br />
<br />
Tetraploid X tetraploid will almost always (but not always) create tetraploid offspring.<br />
<br />
However, diploid X tetraploid and tetraploid X diploid, which are normally associated with producing triploid offspring, are known to often produce a combination of diploids, triploids, and tetraploids when working with hybrid large leaf elepidotes.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Triploids, Fertile Triploids, and Triploids as the Progeny of Triploids</span><br />
<br />
Triploids are normally believed to be produced by one of two mechanisms. <br />
<br />
Two diploids can cross where one diploid parent instead of providing one set of chromosomes provides two resulting in an offspring that has 3 sets of chromosomes. This is commonly referred to as the unreduced mechanism for creating triploids. <br />
<br />
Ploidy results suggest that triploids such as 'Anita Gehnrich', 'Grace Seabrook', 'Markeeta's Flame', 'Markeeta's Prize', 'Solaridity', and 'Taurus' were most likely created by this unreduced mechanism. <br />
<br />
On the other hand, a diploid parent and a tetraploid parent can cross where the diploid parent provides one set of chromosomes and the tetraploid parent provides two sets of chromosomes resulting in an offspring with 3 sets of chromosomes. This is referred to as the normal meiosis interploidy mechanism for creating triploids. <br />
<br />
Ploidy results suggest that triploids such as 'Anna Rose Whitney', 'Cotton Candy', 'El Camino', 'Hank's Folly', 'Julia Caroline, 'Lady of Spain', 'Lucky Strike', 'Lydia', 'Opal Thornton', 'Platinum Pearl', 'Rwain', 'Steredenn', 'Sugar Pink', 'Super Dog', and 'Van' were most likely created by this normal meiosis interploidy mechanism. <br />
<br />
Triploids are commonly believed to always be sterile as both seed parents and pollen parents. Yet offspring are documented for triploids such as 'Anna Rose Whitney', 'Betty Wormald', 'Broughtonii', 'Cotton Candy', 'Cynthia', 'Gomer Waterer', 'Lydia', 'Pearce's American Beauty', 'Phyllis Korn', 'Pink Pearl', 'Platinum Pearl', 'Rwain', 'Solidarity', 'Taurus', and 'Val d'Aulnay'. See figure 1. <br />
<br />
Triploids such as 'Pink Pearl', 'Phyllis Korn', 'Rwain', and 'Taurus' appear to be partially fertile as both seed and pollen parents. See figure 2. <br />
<br />
In fact, triploids can be the progeny of triploids. Based on parental documentation, 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl, 'Gomer Waterer', and 'Phyllis Korn' represent four consecutive generations of triploids. See figure 1. <br />
<br />
Three sports of the triploid 'Pink Pearl' were ploidy tested. 'Ebony Pearl' and 'Topsvoort Pearl' tested as triploid whereas 'Mother of Pearl' tested as diploid. See figure 2. <br />
<br />
Diploids can be the progeny of triploids. The diploids 'Graf Zeppelin', 'Hurricane', 'J.G. Millais', and 'Summer Peach' are documented to have a triploid parent. In the case of 'Graf Zeppelin', the triploid 'Pink Pearl' is documented as the seed parent. See figure 2. Although a diploid, 'Graf Zeppelin' exhibits characteristics often associated with named polyploids. <br />
<br />
Tetraploids can be the progeny of triploids. 'Countess of Derby', a tetraploid, is documented to have 2 triploid parents, namely 'Pink Pearl' and 'Cynthia'. The tetraploids 'Antoon van Welie', 'Gentle Giant', and 'Grand Slam' are documented to have a triploid parent. In the case of 'Antoon van Welie', the triploid 'Pink Pearl' is documented as the seed parent. See figure 2. <br />
<br />
Marc Colombel donated some of his suspected polyploid hybrid seedlings for testing. Noteworthy is that four seedlings of 'Rwain' X ‘L’Engin’ tested as tetraploid. 'Rwain' the seed parent, is a triploid. 'L'Engin', the pollen parent, is a tetraploid. Moreover, three seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' X 'Rwain' tested as tetraploids but one seedling tested as triploid. 'Horizon Monarch' is a tetraploid. <br />
<br />
Figure 2 suggests that a triploid parent, for instance 'Pink Pearl', can produce offspring that are diploids, triploids, and tetraploids. Figure 1 suggests that pentaploids are also possible from a triploid parent. <br />
<br />
In the 1930's, C. J. Darlington showed that triploids could be fertile. Moreover Darlington confirmed a third mechanism for creating triploids. Darlington showed that during meiosis triploids chromosomes may split forming a bell-shaped curve distribution. This means that although there are a few cells formed with 1x and 2x chromosomes, most are closer to the midpoint of 1.5x. So in a few cases, a triploid parent can act as a diploid contributing 1 set of chromosomes or as a tetraploid contributing 2 sets of chromosomes. <br />
<br />
Our ploidy results, when combined with the documentation of parentage, strongly suggest this third distributive meiosis mechanism does occur for fertile triploid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons. <br />
<br />
Hans Eiberg has determined in controlled lab experiments that for Rhododendrons hybrid triploid pollen is sometimes as viable as any hybrid diploid pollen. <br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Tetraploids and Diploids as the Progeny of Tetraploids</span><br />
<br />
Tetraploids such as 'Doreen Gale', 'Gorgeous George', and 'Legend' have been created by the normal meiosis mechanism where both parents are tetraploids.<br />
<br />
Tetraploids such as 'Horizon Monarch', 'Lem's Monarch', 'L'Engin', 'Point Defiance', and 'Very Berry' may have been created by the unreduced mechanism of a diploid parent with the other parent being a tetraploid.<br />
<br />
Justin Ramsey's work with newly created neotetraploids suggests that such neotetraploids may experience irregular meiosis. Ramsey suggests that in some instances a neotetraploid may contribute only one set of chromosomes to the offspring. For the purposes of this article, we refer to this as the super-reduced mechanism.<br />
<br />
Diploids such as 'Orange Leopard', 'Rendezvous', and 'Stony Brook' may have been created by this super-reduced mechanism. In the case of 'Rendezvous', the tetraploid 'Marinus Koster' is documented as the seed parent.<br />
<br />
Noteworthy is that one seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated tested as diploid. The actual plant of 'Horizon Monarch' that was the parent of this particular diploid seedling tested as tetraploid. Other seedlings from the same seedpod tested as tetraploid.<br />
<br />
Our ploidy results suggest that tetraploids may produce diploid, triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid offspring.<br />
<br />
To read more about the super-reduced mechanism visit <a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/k333586482p10143/">Ploidy Reduction in Blackberries"</a> by Kristine Naess or <a href="http://www.jstor.org/pss/2439714">Cytogentics of Rhubus: Meiotic Instability in Some Higher Polyploids</a> by Maxine Thompson.<br />
<br />
<strong>Normal, Unreduced, Super-reduced, and Distributive Meiosis: By the Numbers</strong><br />
<br />
A diploid Rhododendron has 26 chromosomes. Normally a diploid Rhododendron as a parent splits in half contributing 13 chromosomes to the offspring.<br />
<br />
A tetraploid Rhododendron has 52 chromosomes. Normally a tetraploid Rhododendron as a parent splits in half contributing 26 chromosomes to the offspring.<br />
<br />
A triploid Rhododendron has 39 chromosomes. Half of 39 is between 19 and 20. Darlington showed that if a triploid having 39 chromosmes were to split it would split mainly 19/20 but, also to ever decreasing occurrences, 18/21, 17/22, 16/23, 15/24, 14/25, and 13/26 where the splitting as 13/26 occurs the least. This splitting would form a bell shaped curve between 13 and 26.<br />
<br />
Thus, in principle, for Rhododendrons<br />
<br />
diploid X diploid usually results in a diploid since 13 + 13 = 26.<br />
<br />
tetraploid X tetraploid usually results in a tetraploid since 26 + 26 = 52.<br />
<br />
diploid X tetraploid usually results in a triploid since 13 + 26 = 39.<br />
<br />
diploid X unreduced diploid can in a few instances result in a triploid since 13 + 26 = 39.<br />
<br />
unreduced diploid X tetraploid can in a few instances result in a tetraploid since 26 + 26 = 52.<br />
<br />
diploid X super-reduce tetraploid can in a few instances result in a diploid since 13 + 13 = 26<br />
<br />
diploid X triploid can in a few instances result in diploid since 13 + 13 = 26 or in a triploid since 13 + 26 = 39.<br />
<br />
triploid X tetraploid can in a few instances result in triploid since 13 + 26 = 39 or in a tetraploid since 26 + 26 = 52.<br />
<br />
Noteworthy is other researchers found that the offspring of triploids are often aneuploids. For Rhododendrons, an aneuploid would have a number of chromosomes slightly more or less than 26 (2x), 39 (3x), 52 (4x), 65 (5x) or other multiples of 13 (x=13). The unstable meiosis associated with triploids and neotetraploids most likely means that some of the Rhododendrons listed above as diploids, triploids, or tetraploids do not have exactly 26, 39, or 52 chromosomes but instead may have a chromosome count close to these numbers. Flow cytometry being a method of weighting sets of chromosomes rather than counting the number of chromosomes is not well suited to separating euploids from aneuploids when the samples tested involve interactions between a wide range of species within the same genus.<br />
<br />
<strong>Summary</strong><br />
<br />
Named hybrid large leaf elepidote polyploid Rhododendrons have played an important role in the garden for more than 150 years. The physical characteristics associated with polyploid Rhododendrons have proven to be highly desired by gardeners since their introduction by Broughton, Standish and Noble, and Waterer.<br />
<br />
The ploidy of more than 100 named hybrid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons is listed above.<br />
<br />
Although to date all species of large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons have tested as diploid species more than 50 named hybrid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons tested as polyploids.<br />
<br />
Approximately 2/3 of the named named hybrid large leaf elepidote Rhododendrons which tested as polyploids tested as triploids with the remaining 1/3 testing as tetraploids.<br />
<br />
Triploids can be fertile as both seed and pollen parents. Triploids are able to produce diploid, triploids, tetraploid, and pentaploid offpsring.<br />
<br />
Tetraploids are able to produce diploid, triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid offpsring.<br />
<br />
The mechanisms of normal, distributive, unreduced, and super-reduced meiosis are discussed.<br />
<br />
<strong>This research used as a foundation work done by the following:</strong><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.rhododendron.fr/articles/article35c.pdf">Hybridization of Rhododendron Elepidote Polyploids</a> by Jim Barlup<br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/12/rules-of-engagement.html">Rules of Engagement: Have Pollen - Will Travel</a> by John and Sally Perkins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.holdenarb.org/education/documents/Jonesetal2007.pdf">Ploidy Levels and Relative Genome Sizes of Diverse Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars of Rhododendron</a> by Jeff R. Jones, Thomas G. Ranney, Nathan P. Lynch, and Stephen L. Krebs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://lib.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/000/788/476/RUG01-000788476_2010_0001_AC.pdf">Ploidy Breeding and Interspecific Hybridization in Spathiphyllum and Woody Ornanamentals</a> by Tom Eeckhaut<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/d017424p78822ll3/">Meiosis in Polyploids Part I. Triploid and Pentaploid Tulips</a> by W. C. F. Newton and C. D. Darlington<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.botany.wisc.edu/courses/botany_940/07Polyploidy/papers/RamseySchemske02.pdf">Neopolyploidy in Flowering Plants</a> by Justin Ramsey and Douglas W. Schemske<br />
<br />
<a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/U%20of%20Coimbra">Posts</a> for each sample ploidy tested are available on the Rosebay Blog. Posts have been <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/zzlabels">grouped</a> using tags to promote easy viewing of related posts. Please weigh in by exploring these <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/search/label/U%20of%20Coimbra">posts</a> to discover the wonderful world of ploidy in the Rhododendron garden. <br />
<br />
On page 13 of 2001 Rhododendron Camellias and Magnolia Dr. Ray Thornton writes the following:<br />
<br />
"I thought that these seedlings might be the record holders for rapid growth but this title instead may pass to 'Lem's Pink Walloper' X R. diaprepes 'Gargantua', from the RHS Seed Exchange, which is growing at a extraordinary rate this spring.<br />
<br />
The 2010 Rhododendron, Camellias, and Magnolias references the following as exceptional plants of 2009<br />
<br />
Taurus<br />
Grace Seabrook<br />
Phyllis Korn<br />
Horizon Monarch<br />
<br />
Also mentioned are 2 new Award of Merit Winners:<br />
<br />
'Brimble' has as a parent the famous R. griffthianum grown by Lionel Foretescue at the Garden House.<br />
<br />
'Forest Sprite' is a augustinii X keiskei and the following is noted. <br />
<br />
"The cross was tried several times without success, surprising as both parents are from the Triflora series. Eventually just one seedling was reared in 2002."<br />
<br />
<br />
John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-64030214983881292022011-10-20T01:39:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.960-08:00"(cumberlandense X lutem) not" is a DiploidThree seedlings of Rhododendron "(cumberlandense X lutem) not" have been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Ploidy testing indicates that <em>Rhododendron luteum</em> may not be the pollen parent of this hybrid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid 3 Seedlings of "(cumberlandense X luteum) not",<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron luteum</em><br /><br />Source: Bruce Clyburn<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-64060863580456638352011-10-19T01:34:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.971-08:00"(flammeum X calendulaceum) not" is a DiploidRhododendron "(flammeum X calendulaceum) not", which is a John Thornton hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Ploidy testing indicates that <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em> may not be the pollen parent of this hybrid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid "(flammeum X calendulaceum) not",<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em><br /><br />Source: John Thronton<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-21443780308139549982011-10-18T01:30:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.983-08:00'Consul Pecher' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Consul Pecher', which is a <em>Rhododendron molle</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid 'Consul Pecher'<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 837-59<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-70063389756381350152011-10-17T01:27:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:48.994-08:00"Between Two Roads" is a DiploidRhododendron "Between Two Roads" has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid "Between Two Roads"
<br />
<br />Source: Mike Creel
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-63460219486111958342011-10-16T01:21:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.005-08:00'Creel's Confetti' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Creel's Confetti' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Creel's Confetti' <br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-33038254731415916892011-10-15T01:19:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.016-08:00'Creel's Alabammy' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Creel's Alabammy', which is a natural hybrid of <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid 'Creel's Alabammy'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-36416585719635134302011-10-14T01:59:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.029-08:00'Creekside' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Creekside', which is a natural hybrid of <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Creekside' may, also, contain <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>. Rhododendron 'Creekside' is sometimes called "Running Arborescens".<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Creekside'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-506078325756569602011-10-13T01:41:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.040-08:00'Pink Puff' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Pink' Puff', which is a natural hybrid of <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> and <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> X <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> X <em>Rhododendron rborescens</em>,
<br />Diploid 'Pink Puff'
<br />
<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-15724346157546353842011-10-12T01:39:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.051-08:00cumberlandense X arborescens is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> X <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> X <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> X <em>Rhododendron rborescens</em>,<br />Diploid 'Pink Puff'<br /><br />Source: George Hibben<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-29133898801442006532011-10-11T01:35:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.062-08:00arborescens X cumberlandense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> X <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> X <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> X <em>Rhododendron rborescens</em>,<br />Diploid 'Pink Puff'<br /><br />Source: George Hibben<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-58559503568815050972011-10-10T01:55:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.074-08:00'Toy' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Toy', which is a Polly Hill selection, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Toy'<br /><br />Source: George Hibben<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-7719489336915714452011-10-09T01:06:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.086-08:00'Casille' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Casille' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />The Pastel series which includes 'Casille' is documented to contain <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>, <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>, and <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Casille',<br />Diploid "Pastel #6",<br />Diploid "Pastel #7",<br />Diploid "Pastel #20"<br /><br />Source: Woodlanders Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-66491927266727760322011-09-19T01:50:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.314-08:00"Pastel #20" is a Diploid"Pastel #20" has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />The Pastel series is documented to contain <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em>, and <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Casille',<br />Diploid "Pastel #6",<br />Diploid "Pastel #7",<br />Diploid "Pastel #20"<br /><br />Source: Woodlanders Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-52509446659194842332011-09-18T01:49:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.325-08:00"Pastel #7" is a Diploid"Pastel #7" has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />The Pastel series is documented to contain <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em>, and <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Casille',<br />Diploid "Pastel #6",<br />Diploid "Pastel #7",<br />Diploid "Pastel #20"<br /><br />Source: Woodlanders Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-25953836983329350092011-09-17T01:47:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.336-08:00"Pastel #6" is a Diploid"Pastel #6" has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />The Pastel series is documented to contain <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em>, and <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Casille',<br />Diploid "Pastel #6",<br />Diploid "Pastel #7",<br />Diploid "Pastel #20"<br /><br />Source: Woodlanders Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally Perkins<strong></strong>Diploid 'Casille',USAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-24040360387909914552011-09-15T01:36:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.360-08:00Rhododendron diaprepes X sutchuenense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron sutchuenense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> 'Gargantua', which is a tetraploid, may have been one of the parents in the cross of <em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron sutchuenense</em>. Neotetraploids can produce diploid offspring.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> is most likely a diploid species.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron sutchuenense</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> 'Gargantua'<br /> <br />Source: Al Fitzburg<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-36127720307885535802011-09-14T01:17:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.372-08:00'English Roseum' X [diaprepes X hyperthrum] is a DiploidRhododendron 'English Roseum' X [<em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron hyperthrum</em>], which is a Thornton hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> 'Gargantua', which is a tetraploid, may have been one of the parents in the cross of <em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron hyperthrum</em>. Neotetraploids and triploids can produce diploid offspring.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> is most likely a diploid species.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid Rhododendron 'English Roseum' X [<em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> X <em>Rhododendron hyperthrum</em>],
<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diaprepes</em> 'Gargantua'
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-44471760373228351922011-09-13T01:59:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.384-08:00'Sham's Ruby' X 'J.L. Creech' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Sham's Ruby' X 'J.L. Creech', which is a Thornton hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Sham's Ruby' X 'J.L. Creech'
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-37998524188616678272011-09-12T01:56:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.397-08:00'Bibiani' X 'J.L. Creech' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Bibiani' X 'J.L. Creech', which is a Thornton hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Bibiani',
<br />Diploid 'Bibiani' X 'J.L. Creech'
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-48839189010147857752011-09-08T01:24:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.442-08:00keiskei X (spinuliferum X keiskei) is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron keiskei</em> X (<em>Rhododendron spinuliferum</em> X <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>) has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em> X (<em>Rhododendron spinuliferum</em> X <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>)<br /><br />Source: Rarefind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-54818727724459892352011-09-07T01:47:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.453-08:00'Wisechap' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Wisechap', which is a Harry Wise hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em> X <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Wisechap'<br /><br />Source: Doug Jolley<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-16082392635020746442011-09-03T01:58:00.001-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.499-08:00Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum</em> appears to be a natural hybrid most likely containing <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron viscosum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 638-62<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-51994305598568323002011-09-02T01:55:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.510-08:00Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron viscosum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum</em><br /><br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 90-7-A<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-67741746798784598282011-08-28T01:24:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.588-08:00Rhododendron arborescens Pink Form is a Diploid<strong></strong><em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Pink Form has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Pink Form,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Yellow Form Gable<br /><br />Source: George Hibben<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-19127451617249315582011-08-27T01:10:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.599-08:00Rhododendron mucronulatum 'Waka Mirasaki' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em> 'Waka Mirasaki' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em> 'Waka Mirasaki'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-42957089843004925402011-08-26T01:48:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.614-08:00Rhododendron periclymenoides 'Appalachian Spring' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Appalachian Spring' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Appalachian Spring',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Doug Horegan'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-68150043184413402862011-08-25T01:25:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.627-08:00Rhododendron minus 'Blanchette' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Blanchette' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />No naturally occurring tetraploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> have been located to date. <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Epoch', which was chemically treated to increase the ploidy level, is a tetraploid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Blanchette',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Mitchell Dam',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Epoch'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-13552109769601210962011-08-24T01:22:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.641-08:00Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />No naturally occurring tetraploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> have been located to date. <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Epoch', which was chemically treated to increase the ploidy level, is a tetraploid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Blanchette',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Mitchell Dam',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Epoch'<br /><br />Source: Ron Miller<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-65190472852656800282011-08-23T01:21:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.654-08:00Rhododendron prunifolium is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em> 'David Ellis'<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 85-D<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 83-39-A <br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-25242341815158167552011-08-22T01:43:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.666-08:00Rhododendron alabamense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> 'Schwinds'<br /><br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 81-84-A<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 85-2-A <br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 85-2-C<br />Source: Highstead Arboretum Accession Number: 94-6-L<br />Source: Woodlanders<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-46264554603954951582011-08-21T01:31:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.679-08:00Rhododendron flammeum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeun</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Brick Ruffles',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Harry's Speciosum',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton'<br /><br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 85-3-B<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-43904573639220497582011-08-15T01:19:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.768-08:00'Naselle' X 'Rwain' is a DiploidOne seedling of Rhododendron 'Naselle' X 'Rwain', which was raised by Marc Colombel, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />In the case of the diploid seedling of 'Naselle' (2X) X 'Rwain'(3X), a diploid by a triploid produced a diploid indicating that triploid pollen parent 'Rwain' acted as a diploid. In other words, the diploid seedlings of 'Naselle' X 'Rwain' having 26 chromosomes most likely received 13 chromosomes from the diploid 'Naselle' and 13 chromosomes from the triploid 'Rwain'. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Hotei',<br />Diploid 'Naselle',<br />Diploid 1 Seedling of 'Naselle' X 'Rwain',<br />Triploid 'Rwain',<br />Triploid 1 Seedling of 'Hotei' x 'Rwain'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-55994416658839563042011-08-01T05:29:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.941-08:00'Weston's Crescendo' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Weston's Crescendo', which is a Mezitt hybrid documented as a <em>Rhododendron minus</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid 'Manitou'<br />Diploid 'Weston's Crescendo'<br />Diploid 'Windbeam'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-69888726863632473362011-07-30T05:26:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:49.964-08:00Rhododendron arborescens Yellow Form Gable is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Yellow Form Gable has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Pink Form,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Yellow Form Gable<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-35347699297250789842011-07-16T01:17:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.128-08:00'Miniatum Floribundum' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Miniatum Floribundum', which is a prior to 1855 Alexander Verschaffelt Ghent hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />To date 'Miniatum Floribundum' is the only Ghent hybrid that has tested as diploid. 'Miniatum Floribundum' appears to bloom later than most Ghent hybrids.<br /><br />'Miniatum Floribundum' is often referred to as 'Miniata Floribunda' or Rhododendron miniatum floribundum indicating this may be a natural hybrid rather than a man made hybrid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Miniatum Floribundum',<br />Triploid 'Aida',<br />Triploid 'Bronze Unique',<br />Triploid 'Croceum Tricolor',<br />Triploid 'Daviesii',<br />Triploid 'Deep Rose',<br />Triploid 'Freya',<br />Triploid 'Gloria Mundi',<br />Triploid 'Il Tasso',<br />Triploid 'Josephine Klinger',<br />Triploid 'Phebe',<br />Triploid 'Phidias',<br />Triploid 'Pontica Album',<br />Triploid 'Van Houttei Flore Pleno',<br />Triploid 'Velasquez',<br />Tetraploid 'Admiraal De Ruyter',<br />Tetraploid 'Altaclerensis',<br />Tetraploid 'Ariel',<br />Tetraploid 'Beaté Céleste',<br />Tetraploid 'Bijou des Amateurs',<br />Tetraploid 'Bouquet de Flore',<br />Tetraploid 'Cardinal,<br />Tetraploid 'Comte de Flandre',<br />Tetraploid 'Corneille',<br />Tetraploid 'Directeur Charles Baumann',<br />Tetraploid 'Durante Alle',<br />Tetraploid 'Electum',<br />Tetraploid 'Eugénie',<br />Tetraploid 'Fénelon',<br />Tetraploid 'Flameola Incarnata',<br />Tetraploid 'Héroine Plena,<br />Tetraploid 'Heureuse Surprise',<br />Tetraploid 'Ignacea',<br />Tetraploid 'Julius Caesar',<br />Tetraploid 'Lelia',<br />Tetraploid 'Madame Gustave Guillemot',<br />Tetraploid 'Nancy Waterer',<br />Tetraploid 'Oscar I',<br />Tetraploid 'Raphael de Smet'<br /><br />Source: <a href="http://www.azaleatuin.be">Azaleatuin</a> <br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-47505020803014403662011-07-05T03:57:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.251-08:00'Tang' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Tang', which is a 1952 David Leach hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> 'Scarlet Salute' x 'Red King' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Red King' is documented to be a mollis hybrid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid 'Tang'<br /><br />Source: Barlett Arboretum<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-25919915128155597622011-07-03T01:00:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.275-08:00'Phipps Yellow' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Phipps Yellow' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Phipps Yellow'<br /><br />Source: Werner Brack<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-89517184464959881962011-07-01T01:51:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.309-08:00'Lady De Rothchild' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Lady De Rothchild', which is a 1925 Waterer hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron griffithianum</em> x 'Sappho' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Lady De Rothchild'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-5406720448608147972011-06-28T01:39:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.348-08:00'Halopeanum' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Halopeanum', which is a 1896 Halopé hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron griffithianum</em> x <em>Rhododendron maximum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Halopeanum' syn 'White Pearl'<br /><br />Source: Greer Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-17202416657713682682011-06-27T01:58:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.359-08:00'Alice' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Alice', which is a 1910 Waterer hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron griffithianum</em> hybrid has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Alice'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-91062149343176969732011-06-26T01:10:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.370-08:00'Lady Bligh' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Lady Bligh', which is a 1958 C.B. van Nes hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron griffithianum</em> hybrid has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Lady Bligh'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-32049081194632377402011-06-19T01:20:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.452-08:00"Jane Abbott" is a Diploid<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_lREOGy4A5Yw/Swni2L8iAeI/AAAAAAAACs8/ArkiXlVBFk0/s1600/cemetary_abbotts.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_lREOGy4A5Yw/Swni2L8iAeI/AAAAAAAACs8/ArkiXlVBFk0/s320/cemetary_abbotts.JPG" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5407102248182481378" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:12;"><br />2 Different "Jane Abbott"s (Frank Abbott) [2x]<br />Next to graves of Frank and Jane Abbott<br />S and J Perkins<br /></span></div><br /><br />Two different Rhododendron "Jane Abbott" types, which are a Frank Abbott hybrids documented as <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> x 'Miss Louisa Hunnewell', have been determined to be diploids using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Frank Abbott started crossing <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> and 'Miss Louisa Hunnewell' in the 1930's giving the best results of this cross the name Rhododendron "Jane Abbott" after his daughter. <br /><br />'Miss Louisa Hunnewell' is a <em>Rhododendron molle</em> resulting from the cross of the Japanese and Chinese form of the species. At one time, 'Miss Louisa Hunnewell' was considered to be the best <em>Rhododendron molle</em> in North America.<br /><br />Rhododendron "Jane Abbott" is rarely seed or pollen fertile. This lack of fertility may indicate that <em>Rhododendron molle</em> is not closely related to <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>. Dr. Benjamin Hall's DNA has placed <em>Rhododendron molle</em> and <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> in different clades and he suggests that <em>Rhododendron molle</em> DNA is closer to the tetraploid clade of deciduous azaleas than the diploid clade of deciduous azaleas.<br /><br />Rhododendron "Jane Abbott" is also difficult to root from cuttings.<br /><br />The two "Jane Abbott" tested are the 2 different "pinks" planted at the Saxton River cemetery next to the gravestones of Frank Abbott and his daughter Jane.<br /><br />Read <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/09/abbott-azaleas.html">Frank Abbott's Village of Azaleas"</a><br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>, <br />Diploid 'Frank Abbott',<br />Diploid Two Different "Jane Abbott" types<br /><br />Source: John Abbott<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-68987583237860746342011-06-18T01:55:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.478-08:00'Frank Abbott' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Frank Abbott', which is a Ed Mezitt hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron molle</em> hybrid x <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Frank Abbott started crossing <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> and <em>Rhododendron molle</em> in the 1930's giving the best results of this cross the name Rhododendron 'Jane Abbott' after his daughter. When Ed Mezitt redid the cross thirty years later, Ed named one of his best results from the cross Rhododendron 'Frank Abbott'.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Frank Abbott' is rarely seed or pollen fertile. This lack of fertility may indicate that <em>Rhododendron molle</em> is not closely related to <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>. Dr. Benjamin Hall's DNA has placed <em>Rhododendron molle</em> and <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> in different clades and he suggests that <em>Rhododendron molle</em> DNA is closer to the tetraploid clade of deciduous azaleas than the diploid clade of deciduous azaleas.<br /><br />Read <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/09/abbott-azaleas.html">Frank Abbott's Village of Azaleas"</a><br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em>, <br />Diploid 'Frank Abbott',<br />Diploid "Jane Abbott" types<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-70698822323472170662011-06-17T01:15:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.489-08:00'H. H. Hume' is a DiploidRhododendron 'H. H. Hume', which is documented to be a Beltsville azalea, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'H. H. Hume',<br />Diploid 'Snow'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-77404654769676935512011-06-16T01:08:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.500-08:00'Kurume Snow' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Kurume Snow', which is documented to be a Kurume azalea, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Snow' tests at the lowest most end of the range for diploid Rhododendrons which may indicate that evergreen azaleas have a smaller genome size than most other Rhododendrons.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'H. H. Hume',<br />Diploid 'Kurume Snow'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-23561791311373977412011-06-14T01:48:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.523-08:00Rhododendron catawbiense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron catawbiense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron catawbiense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron maximum</em><br /><br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-38660985901461688962011-06-08T01:03:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.592-08:00'Pink Prelude' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Pink Prelude', which is a Watson hybrid documented as ('Sarita Loder' x <em>Rhododendron calophytum</em>) x <em>Rhododendron macabeanum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Pink Prelude'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-13380242530376700262011-06-03T01:40:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.650-08:00'Dawn's Early Light' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Dawn's Early Light', which is documented as a <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em> X <em>Rhododendron xanthocodon</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Both documented parents of Rhododendron 'Dawn's Early Light' are yellow, and the resemblance to <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em> is completely obvious, but there is little other evidence of the <em>Rhododendron xanthocodon</em> parent.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>,<br />Diploid 'Dawn's Early Light'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-30527716050652815752011-06-02T01:44:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.662-08:00Rhododendron calostrotum X carolinanum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron calostrotum</em> X <em>Rhododendron minus</em> Carolinanum Group has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron calostrotum</em> X <em>Rhododendron minus</em> Group Carolinanum,<br />Diploid 'Robert Seleger'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-42826059029720603162011-06-01T01:00:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.673-08:00'Robert Seleger' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Robert Seleger', which is a Dietrich Hobbie hybrid documented as a <em>Rhododendron calostrotum ssp. keleticum</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron calostrotum</em> X <em>Rhododendron minus</em> Group Carolinanum,<br />Diploid 'Robert Seleger'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-56854427689618184912011-05-31T01:45:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.685-08:00'Manitou' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Manitou', which is a Nearing hybrid documented as a 'Conestoga' hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron racemosum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Manitou',<br />Diploid 'Windbeam'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-24978565260594596012011-05-30T01:31:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.695-08:00'Windbeam' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Windbeam', which is a 1934 Nearing hybrid documented as a 'Conestoga' hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />In 1977 at Breeders Roundtable in Eugene, Oregon, Ellis Jones presented several reasons he suspected that 'Windbeam' was a triploid. In 1979, Gustav A. L. Mehlquist reported that 'Windbeam' was fertile.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron racemosum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Manitou',<br />Diploid 'Windbeam'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-44765011422140537872011-05-27T01:03:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.742-08:00'Caramou' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Caramou', which is a Hardgrove hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron minus</em> Carolinianum Group x <em>Rhododendron moupinense</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid 'Caramou'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-52406033007084937462011-05-26T01:43:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.754-08:00'Isola Bella' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Isola Bella', which is a Brueckner hybrid documented as (<em>Rhododendron dauricum</em> 'Arctic Pearl' selfed) X <em>Rhododendron fletcherianum</em> 'Yellow Bunting', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron dauricum</em>,<br />Diploid 'Isola Bella'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-85215919602889874362011-05-25T01:36:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.766-08:00'Lemon Twist' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Lemon Twist', which is a Rokuyo hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron keiskei var. ozawae</em> x <em>Rhododendron lutescens</em> 'Bagshot Sands', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>,<br />Diploid 'Lemon Twist'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-18754307800000813902011-05-24T01:29:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.776-08:00'Dora Amateis' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Dora Amateis', which is a Amateis hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron minus var. minus</em> x <em>Rhododendron ciliatum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid 'Dora Amateis',<br />Diploid 'Pink Magic'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-51541865924777610512011-05-23T05:20:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.787-08:00'Pink Magic' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Pink Magic', which is a Augie Kehr hybrid documented as <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em> x <em>Rhododendron ciliatum</em> pink form, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Diploid 'Dora Amateis',<br />Diploid 'Pink Magic'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-39978265111690623582011-05-21T01:03:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.813-08:00Rhododendron hippophaeoides 'Silver Blue' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron hippophaeoides</em> 'Silver Blue' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron hippophaeoides</em> 'Silver Blue'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-19458415533502698512011-05-16T06:23:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.900-08:00'Orchid Lights' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Orchid Lights', which is in the Northern Lights group from the University of Minnesota documented as <em>Rhododendron canadense</em> X Rhododendron x kosteranum, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron x kosteranum is documented as having been derived from <em>Rhododendron molle</em>.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense</em><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em><br />Diploid Rhododendron 'Orchid Lights'<br />Tetraploid 'Apricot Surprise',<br />Tetraploid 'Candy Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Golden Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Lemon Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Mandarin Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Northern Hi-Lights',<br />Tetraploid 'Tri-Lights'<br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-25842353504559420312011-05-09T01:20:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.982-08:00'Orange Carpet' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Orange Carpet', which is a natural hybrid collected in 1962 from Allatoona Lake, GA registered by Earl Sommerville documented as containing <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> and <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Based soley on the ploidy evidence, Rhododendron 'Orange Carpet' may not have <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em> in its parentage. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid Rhododendron 'Orange Carpet',<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em><br /><br />Source: Planeview Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-25383423322617245402011-05-08T10:13:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:50.994-08:00'Razzberry' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Razzberry', which is a natural hybrid collected in 1962 from Allatoona Lake, GA registered by Earl Sommerville documented as containing <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> and <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em>, <br />Diploid Rhododendron 'Razzberry'<br /><br />Source: Planview Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-88306952034284324312011-05-07T10:36:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.005-08:00'Pink Ember' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Pink Ember', which is a Earl Sommerville hybrid documented as (<em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> x <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>) x <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>, <br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>, <br />Diploid Rhododendron 'Pink Ember'<br /><br />Source: Planview Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-70544924223470120442011-05-02T05:01:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.063-08:00'June Jubilee' is a DiploidRhododendron 'June Jubilee', which is an Aromi hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'June Jubilee'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-55440505232023490972011-04-27T11:00:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.118-08:00Rhododendron canescens 'Camilla's Blush' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Camilla's Blush', which is Beasley introduction, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Camilla's Blush'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-53476577164115492532011-04-26T11:06:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.129-08:00'Memory of Fred Galle' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Memory of Fred Galle', which is a Kehr introduction, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Memory of Fred Galle'<br /><br />Source: RareFind Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-82385003855048678532011-04-25T08:34:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.141-08:00Rhododendron canescens 'Clyo Red' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Clyo Red' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca Oliveira, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Camilla's Blush',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Clyo Red'<br /><br />Source: Woodlanders Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-16227761936780936772011-04-24T08:23:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.153-08:00Rhododendron flammeum 'Brick Ruffles' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Brick Ruffles' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeun</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Brick Ruffles',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Harry's Speciosum',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-16853333247570126702011-04-23T08:20:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.163-08:00Rhododendron eastmaii 'Charles Eastman' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Charles Eastman' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Charles Eastman',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Crane Creek'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-62661500574882243182011-04-22T08:16:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.174-08:00Rhododendron eastmaii 'Crane Creek' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Crane Creek' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Charles Eastman',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmaii</em> 'Crane Creek'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-75750001281575264102011-04-21T08:05:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.185-08:00'Pink 24' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Pink 24' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Pink 24'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-65952029090229989802011-04-20T07:58:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.196-08:00Rhododendron alabamense 'Schwind's Yellow' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> 'Schwind's Yellow' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> 'Schwind's Yellow'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-40755016748705112332011-04-19T07:54:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.208-08:00Rhododendron prunifolium 'David Ellis' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em> 'David Ellis' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prunifolium</em> 'David Ellis'<br /><br />Source: Mike Creel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-41022552278345928802011-03-31T03:27:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.424-08:00'Canobie Candy' X 'Hazel Hamilton' is a DiploidOne seedling of Rhododendron 'Canobie Candy' X <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton', which is Sally and John Perkins hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />In this case, a diploid crossed with a diploid produced a diploid (26 chromosomes) indicating normal meiosis occurred where each diploid parent contributed a 1x gamete (13 chromosomes). Diploid X diploid yielding diploid is the expected outcome.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton',
<br />Diploid 'Canobie Candy',
<br />Diploid One seedling of 'Canobie Candy' X 'Hazel Hamilton'
<br />
<br />Source: Joe Bruso
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-4628524740079485992011-03-30T04:41:00.000-07:002012-01-29T09:46:51.436-08:00'Canobie Candy' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Canobie Candy', which is very likely a <em>Rhododendron canescens</em> hybrid seedling raised by Sally and John Perkins, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em> was determined to be a diploid.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,
<br />Diploid 'Canobie Candy'
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-59419610652681155452011-03-10T04:17:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.685-08:00'Elegans' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Elegans', which is a 1838 J. Booth hybrid documented as a <em>R. arboreum ssp. arboreum</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Elegans'<br /><br />Source: John Thornton<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-27614864399551590482011-03-09T01:34:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.697-08:00'Bibiani' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Bibiani', which is a 1934 Rothschild hybrid documented as 'Moser's Maroon' x <em>R. arboreum ssp. arboreum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Bibiani'<br /><br />Source: John Thornton<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-5846482939652865122011-03-08T01:30:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.709-08:00Rhododendron flammeum 'Harry's Speciosum' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Harry's Speciosum' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeun</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Brick Ruffles',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Harry's Speciosum',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton'<br /><br />Source: Longwood Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-9396914790249407982011-03-07T05:28:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.720-08:00'Will O The Wisp' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Will O The Wisp', which is a John Thornton hybrid documentd as <em>Rhododendron minus X Rhododendron formosum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron minus</em> is a diploid species.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,
<br />Diploid 1 seedling from <em>Rhododendron formosum X Rhododendron minus</em>,
<br />Diploid 'Will O The Wisp'
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-12973607650916103932011-03-06T08:36:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.731-08:00Rhododendron formosum X Rhododendron minus is a DiploidOne seedling of <em>Rhododendron formosum X Rhododendron minus</em>, which is a John Thornton hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron minus</em> is a diploid species.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,
<br />Diploid 1 seedling from <em>Rhododendron formosum X Rhododendron minus</em>,
<br />Diploid 'Will O The Wisp'
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-69528770105710185432011-03-03T13:23:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.769-08:00Rhododendron periclymenoides 'Doug Horegan' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Doug Horegan' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Appalachian Spring',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Doug Horegan'<br /><br />Source: Longwood Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-28154515508055760052011-03-02T03:44:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.780-08:00Rhododendron canescens 'Cedar Lane' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Cedar Lane' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em> 'Cedar Lane'<br /><br />Source: Longwood Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-12598593044865647252011-02-28T05:03:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.951-08:00Rhododendron minus 'Mitchell Dam' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Mitchell Dam', which has large leaves and stems and has been suspected of being a tetraploid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />No naturally occurring tetraploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> have been located to date. <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Epoch', which was chemically treated to increase the ploidy level, is a tetraploid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Blanchette',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Mitchell Dam',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Epoch'<br /><br />Source: John Thornton<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-48740127988412530372011-02-26T04:57:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.974-08:00Rhododendron championiae is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron championiae</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron championiae</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-3223843943565333252011-02-25T03:15:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.984-08:00Rhododendron ovatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron ovatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron ovatum</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John Thornton
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-10175132997944482492011-02-24T03:52:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:51.995-08:00'Point Defiance' Descendant is a DiploidA seedling of [('Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance') #1] x ('Gold Medal' x 'Bud's Yellow'), which is a Werner Brack hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Three seedlings were ploidy tested from the Brack cross of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance'. 'Orange Leopard' and 'Stony Brook' tested as diploid. An unnamed seedling tested as triploid. This indicates that the offspring of a given cross can have different ploidy levels from one offspring to another.<br /><br />The cross 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance' and the cross [('Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance') #1] x ('Gold Medal' x 'Bud's Yellow') producing diploid seedlings indicates that descendants of tetraploids can be diploids. 'Point Defiance' is a tetraploid.<br /><br />When used as a seed parent, 'Horizon Monarch', which tested as a tetraploid using flow cytometry, has produced diploid as a well as tetraploid offspring. <br /><br />Rhododendron 'Marinus Koster', which was determined to be a tetraploid, is the seed parent of the diploid 'Rendezvous'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Orange Leopard',<br />Diploid 'Rendezvous',<br />Diploid 'Stony Brook',<br />Diploid 'Voluptuous',<br />Diploid [('Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance') #1] X ('Gold Medal' x 'Bud's Yellow'), <br />Diploid 3 Seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated,<br />Triploid Seedling of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance',<br />Tetraploid 'Horizon Monarch',<br />Tetraploid 'Marinus Koster',<br />Tetraploid 'Point Defiance',<br />Tetraploid 1 Seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated<br /><br />Source: Werner Brack<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-69130047733471688382011-02-23T05:24:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.006-08:00Rhododendron reticulatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron reticulatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron reticulatum</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 207-87<br />Source: Joe Bruso<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-90522434468896061282011-02-22T03:31:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.016-08:00Rhododendron albrectii is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron albrectii</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron albrectii</em>
<br />
<br />Source: George Hibben
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-75316522090468590112011-02-21T02:30:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.027-08:00Rhododendron subulatum China is a Diploid5 plants of <em>Rhododendron subulatum</em> from China growing at the Arnold Arboretum has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron subulatum</em> was formerly classified as subspecies of <em>Ledum palustre</em>.<br /><br />The 5 plants of <em>Rhododendron subulatum</em> tested as diploid were from northern China. <br /><br />A <em>Rhododendron tomentosum</em> wild collected from a marsh in Turku Archipelago, Finland tested as tetraploid.<br /><br />There is a very good chance that this difference in ploidy level is due to misidentification of the plant from China due to the large group of plants formerly included under <em>Ledum palustre</em> and then compounded when the Ledum genus was moved to Rhododendron.<br /><br />The plant from China is clearly a diploid "Ledum". The origin of the plant tested is well documented. This plant is still growing at the Arnold Arboretum along with 4 of its siblings.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron columbianum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron subarticum</em>,<br />Diploid 5 plants of <em>Rhododendron subulatum</em> China,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diversipilosum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron diversipilosum</em> 'Milky Way',<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron groenlandicum</em> Saco Bog, Maine,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron hypoleucum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron neoglandulosum</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron tolmachevii</em>,<br />Tetraploid <em>Rhododendron tomentosum</em> Turku Archipelago<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: <em>Ledum palustre</em> 389-97-A,B,C,D,E Wild collected in China <br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-2079234342375569112011-02-20T05:15:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.037-08:00Rhododendron racemosum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron racemosum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron racemosum</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-2432161867260330362011-02-19T07:37:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.050-08:00Rhododendron keiskei is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron keiskei</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron keiskei</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-74268539527226080192011-02-18T10:18:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.060-08:00Rhododendron mucronulatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron mucronulatum</em> 'Waka Mirasaki'<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 968-85<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-37580202948775101712011-02-17T12:53:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.071-08:00Rhododendron dauricum 'Delp's Dwarf' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron dauricum</em> 'Delp's Dwarf' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron dauricum</em> 'Delp's Dwarf'<br /><br />Source: Joe Bruso<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-78715666804144438832011-02-16T17:02:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.082-08:00Rhododendron micranthum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron micranthum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron micranthum</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-38663668521398502011-02-15T17:07:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.093-08:00Rhododendron dilatatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron dilatatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Although the sample we tested was labeled as <em>Rhododendron dilatatum forma leucanthum</em> the flowers were not white.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron dilatatum forma leucanthum</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 209-87<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-61542194324340904722011-02-13T06:01:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.117-08:00Rhododendron minus is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron minus</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />No naturally occurring tetraploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> have been located to date. <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Epoch', which was chemically treated to increase the ploidy level, is a tetraploid.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Blanchette',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus</em> 'Mitchell Dam',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii</em>,<br />Tetraploid 'Epoch'<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 483-81-A<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 81-28-C<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-88060828149309457092011-02-12T05:10:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.127-08:00Rhododendron wadanum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron wadanum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron wadanum</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 200-87<br />Source: Joe Bruso<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-77245217516294079042011-02-11T05:08:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.139-08:00Rhododendron weyrichii is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron weyrichii</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron weyrichii</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 565-90<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-50521649728963088102011-02-10T05:06:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.150-08:00Rhododendron sanctum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron sanctum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron sanctum</em>
<br />
<br />Source: Joe Bruso
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-19518745674569057762011-02-09T07:19:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.162-08:00Rhododendron nudipes is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron nudipes</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron nudipes</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-68018759762346767512011-02-08T07:03:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.174-08:00Rhododendron semibarbatum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron semibarbatum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron semibarbatum</em><br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-72640859428665625362011-02-07T04:43:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.185-08:00Rhododendron yeodense var. poukanense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron yeodense var. poukanense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron yeodense var. poukanense</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 793-84<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-46948017811106103722011-02-06T04:38:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.196-08:00Rhododendron nakaharae is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron nakaharae</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron nakaharae</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-71879425639782455392011-02-05T15:05:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.207-08:00Rhododendron kaempferi is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron kaempferi</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron kaempferi</em>
<br />
<br />Source: Joe Bruso
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-26561041822766641952011-02-04T18:09:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.218-08:00Rhododendron schlippenbachii is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron schlippenbachii</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron schlippenbachii</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Numner: 13432<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-11733648426574573002011-02-03T10:27:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.228-08:00Rhododendron kiusianum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron kiusianum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron kiusianum</em>
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-74798462345197210902011-01-29T06:14:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.285-08:00Rhododendron alabamense Yellow Form is a DiploidA yellow form of <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron alabamense</em> Yellow form
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-90435561769247952882011-01-28T06:08:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.296-08:00Rhododendron flammeum 'Hazel Hamilton' is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton' has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeun</em>,
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Brick Ruffles',
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Harry's Speciosum',
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron flammeum</em> 'Hazel Hamilton'
<br />
<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-48239437699659280622011-01-27T17:39:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.307-08:00Rhododendron canescens is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron canescens</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron canescens</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canescens</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 166-90-B<br />Source: Highstead Arboretum Accession Number: 93-82-V<br />Source: Highstead Arboretum Accession Number: 93-82-W<br />Source: Longwood Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-30585550662234784392011-01-26T15:40:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.319-08:00Rhododendron arborescens is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Pink Form,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron arborescens</em> Yellow Form Gable<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 858-Mass<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum <br />Source: Audra State Park, West Virginia<br />Source: Joe Bruso<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-12403477417235002742011-01-25T14:37:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.330-08:00Rhododendron cumberlandense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 419-97-D<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 81-72-D<br />Source: Joe Bruso<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-53437706343650669342011-01-24T05:36:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.342-08:00Rhododendron canadense is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron canadense</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron canadense</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch. The Ranney research involved several samples from diverse wild populations including samples from Salem, New Hampshire.<br /><br />Read <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2008/11/ploidy-level-of-rhododendron.html">Ploidy Level of <em>Rhododendron canadense</em></a><br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense var. album</em><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron canadense</em> 'Osku's Showy'<br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 199-2006-C<br />Source: Bruce Clyburn<br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br />Source: Kristian Theqvist<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-32098446926146673382011-01-23T01:39:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.354-08:00Rhododendron molle is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron molle</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron molle</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em> Orange,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle</em> Yellow,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle ssp. japonicum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron molle ssp. molle</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Aboretum<br />Source: Joe Bruso<br />Source: George Hibben<br />Source: Longwood Gardens Accession Number: 1994-0068-B<br />Source: Kristian Theqvist<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-10857862454677605722011-01-22T08:43:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.365-08:00Rhododendron vaseyi is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron vaseyi</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron vaseyi</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron vaseyi</em><br /><br />Source: Arnold Arboretum Accession Number: 20953-Mass<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-1599550790417946522011-01-21T01:05:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.377-08:00Rhododendron eastmanii is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron eastmanii</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br /><em>Rhododendron eastmanii</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron eastmanii</em>
<br />
<br />Source: Joe Bruso
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-47307147351838270712011-01-18T01:54:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.411-08:00'Horizon Monarch' OP is a DiploidThree seedlings of Rhododendron 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated, which were raised by Marc Colombel, have been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />In the case of the diploid seedling of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated, a tetraploid seed parent produced a diploid indicating that supper reduced meiosis most likely occurred for the tetraploid seed parent. In other words, the diploid seedling of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated having 26 chromosomes received only 13 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Horizon Monarch'. Tetraploids usually contribute 26 chromosomes to their offspring.<br /><br />Four seedlings were ploidy tested from seed collected by Marc Colombel from 'Horizon Monarch'. Three tested as diploid and one seedling tested as tetraploid. This indicates that the offspring of a given cross can have different ploidy levels from one offspring to another.<br /><br />The 'Horizon Monarch' used to collect open pollinated seed by Marc Colombel ploidy tested as a tetraploid. This provides direct evidence that a tetraploid seed parent can produce diploid offspring in a single generation.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 3 Seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated,<br />Tetraploid 1 Seedlings of 'Horizon Monarch' open pollinated,<br />Tetraploid 'Horizon Monarch'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-13949665992322388162011-01-16T01:36:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.433-08:00Rhododendron periclymenoides is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> tested was from a wild population located near Hamden, Connecticut.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Appalachian Spring',<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron periclymenoides</em> 'Doug Horegan'<br /><br />Source: George Hibben<br />Source: Audra State Park, West Virginia<br />Source: Broken Arrow Nursery<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 81-90-B<br />Source: Connecticut College Arboretum Accession Number: 81-90-E<br />Source: Longwood Gardens Accession Number: 2002-0208-B<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-68589567785565415442011-01-14T01:29:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.455-08:00'Orange Leopard' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Orange Leopard', which is a Werner Brack hybrid documented as 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />In the case of diploid 'Orange Leopard', a diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a diploid indicating that supper reduced meiosis most likely occurred for the tetraploid parent. In other words, 'Orange Leopard' having 26 chromosomes received 13 chromosomes from the diploid 'Voluptuous' and 13 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Point Defiance'. Tetraploids usually contribute 26 chromosomes to their offspring.<br /><br />Three seedlings were ploidy tested from the Brack cross of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance'. 'Orange Leopard' and 'Stony Brook' tested as diploid. An unnamed seedling tested as triploid. This indicates that the offspring of a given cross can have different ploidy levels from one offspring to another.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Orange Leopard',<br />Diploid 'Stony Brook',<br />Diploid 'Voluptuous',<br />Triploid Seedling of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance',<br />Tetraploid 'Point Defiance'<br /><br />Source: Werner Brack<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-30600422896054502612011-01-13T01:17:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.466-08:00'Stony Brook' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Stony Brook', which is a Werner Brack hybrid documented as 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />In the case of diploid 'Stony Brook', a diploid crossed with a tetraploid produced a diploid indicating that supper reduced meiosis most likely occurred for the tetraploid parent. In other words, 'Stony Brook' having 26 chromosomes received 13 chromosomes from the diploid 'Voluptuous' and 13 chromosomes from the tetraploid 'Point Defiance'. Tetraploids usually contribute 26 chromosomes to their offspring.<br /><br />Three seedlings were ploidy tested from the Brack cross of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance'. 'Orange Leopard' and 'Stony Brook' tested as diploid. An unnamed seedling tested as triploid. This indicates that the offspring of a given cross can have different ploidy levels from one offspring to another.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Orange Leopard',<br />Diploid 'Stony Brook',<br />Diploid 'Voluptuous',<br />Triploid Seedling of 'Voluptuous' x 'Point Defiance',<br />Tetraploid 'Point Defiance'<br /><br />Source: Werner Brack<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-69993201897498014382011-01-12T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.476-08:00R. calendulaceum x occidentale is a DiploidA seedling of Rhododendron <em>calendulaceum</em> x <em>occidentale</em>, which is a Oliver hybrid documented as <em>R. calendulaceum</em> 'Colossus' x <em>R. occidentale</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />A seedling of Rhododendron <em>calendulaceum</em> x <em>occidentale</em> being a diploid may indicate the seed parent was <em>R. cumberlandense</em> instead of <em>R. calendulaceum</em>. This seedling was determined to be both seed and pollen fertile by John and Sally Perkins. Moreover, this deciduous azalea seedling pollen tested as a diploid by accepting pollen from confirmed diploids.<br /><br />John and Sally Perkins suggest in the <a href="http://rosebayblog.blogspot.com/2009/12/rules-of-engagement.html">Rules of Engagement</a> that tetraploid X diploid crosses in deciduous azaleas are seldom result in seedpods.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron cumberlandense</em> and <em>Rhododendron occidentale</em> are diploid species. <em>Rhododendron calendulaceum</em> is a tetraploid species.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>R. cumberlandense</em><br />Diploid <em>R. occidentale</em><br />Diploid <em>calendulaceum</em> x <em>occidentale</em><br />Tetraploid <em>R. calendulaceum</em><br /><br />Source: Dick Cavender<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-32460412843430098792011-01-03T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.577-08:00'Countess of Athlone' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Countess of Athlone', which is a van Nes hybrid documented as 'Geoffroy Millais' x <em>R. catawbiense</em> 'Catawbiense Grandiflorum', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Countess of Athlone'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-71280780084538832182011-01-02T01:45:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.587-08:00'Red Olympia' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Red Olympia', which is a Halfdan Lem hybrid documented as 'Anna' x 'Fusilier Group', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Anna',
<br />Diploid 'Red Olympia',
<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill',
<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'
<br />
<br />Source: Greer Gardens
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-76784106896428023992011-01-01T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.597-08:00Rhododendron viscosum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron viscosum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron viscosum</em> tested was from a wild population located in Salem, New Hampshire.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron viscosum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum forma rhodanthum</em>,<br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum</em><br /><br />Source: John and Sally Perkins<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-61953186333311087762010-12-31T01:14:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.608-08:00'Jean Marie de Montague' is a DiploidRhododendron 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague', which is a van Nes hybrid documented as <em>R. griffithianum</em> hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague' is a parent of 'Anita Gehnrich','Grace Seabrook', 'Hallelujah', 'Solidarity', 'Taurus', and 'Very Berry' which are triploids.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague' appears to produce unreduced gametes in larger numbers than most diploids. <br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague',<br />Diploid 'Wild Affair',<br />Triploid 'Anita Gehnrich',<br />Triploid 'Grace Seabrook',<br />Triploid 'Hallelujah',<br />Triploid 'Solidarity',<br />Triploid 'Taurus',<br />Triploid 'Very Berry' <br /><br />Source: Greer Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-62189584665410375692010-12-30T01:19:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.619-08:00'Wild Affair' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Wild Affair', which is a Harold Greer hybrid documented as 'The Honourabele Jean Marie de Montague' x 'Moser's Maroon', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague',
<br />Diploid 'Wild Affair'
<br />
<br />Source: Van Veen Nursery
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-20010175337414108582010-12-28T01:43:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.642-08:00'Furnivall's Daughter' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Furnivall's Daughter', which is a Waterer hybrid documented as 'Mrs. Furnivall' hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Furnivall's Daughter',
<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Furnivall'
<br />
<br />Source: Van Veen Nursery
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-55345156221992069292010-12-27T01:36:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.652-08:00'Mrs. Lindsay Smith' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith', which is a 1910 Koster hybrid documented as 'George Hardy' x 'Duchess of Edinburgh', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith' is the seed parent of 'Diane'. 'Diane' is the seed parent of 'Phyllis Korn'. 'Gomer Waterer' is the pollen parent of 'Phyllis Korn'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Diane',<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',<br />Triploid 'Phyllis Korn'<br /><br />Source: Van Veen Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-67550308905296466232010-12-26T01:11:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.663-08:00'Madame Carvalho' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Madame Carvalho', which is a 1866 Waterer hybrid documented as <em>R. catawbiense</em> hybrid has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Rhododendron 'Madame Carvalho' is the seed parent of 'Gomer Waterer'. 'Pink Pearl' is the pollen parent of 'Gomer Waterer'.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',
<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',
<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'
<br />
<br />Source: Van Veen Nursery
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-85007717468896694142010-12-25T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.674-08:00Rhododendron prinophyllum is a Diploid<em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />One <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> tested was from a wild population located in Stoddard, New Hampshire.<br /><br /><em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em> was also determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by Dr. Thomas Ranney, J.R. Jones, and Nathan Lynch.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid <em>Rhododendron prinophyllum</em><br /><br />Source: Connecticut College Aboretum<br />Source: Stoddard Bog, Stoddard, NH<br />Source: Abbott, Saxton River, VT<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-83680965220929684102010-12-24T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.684-08:00'Gillii' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Gillii', which is a Gill hybrid documented as <em>R. griffithianum</em> x <em>R. arboreum ssp. arboreum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Gillii'<br /><br />Source: Van Veen Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-32327229949993180102010-12-23T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.696-08:00'Gill's Triumph' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Gill's Triumph', which is a Gill hybrid documented as <em>R. arboreum ssp arboreum</em> x <em>R. griffithianum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Gill's Triumph'<br /><br />Source: Van Veen Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-31409112764930102642010-12-22T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.707-08:00'Peach Recital' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Peach Recital', which is a Jim Barlup hybrid documented as 'Percy Wiseman' x 'Summer Peach', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Peach Recital' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Gomer Waterer', 'Phyllis Korn', and 'Summer Peach'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Diane',<br />Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',<br />Diploid 'Peach Recital',<br />Diploid 'Summer Peach',<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',<br />Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'<br /><br />Source: Jim Barlup<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-20289857486423520232010-12-21T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.719-08:00'Summer Wind' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Summer Wind', which is a Jim Barlup hybrid documented as 'Golden Gala' x 'Summer Peach', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Summer Wind' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Gomer Waterer', 'Phyllis Korn', and 'Summer Peach'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Diane',<br />Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',<br />Diploid 'Summer Peach',<br />Diploid 'Summer Wind',<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',<br />Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-61295778518281256812010-12-20T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.731-08:00'Mindy’s Love' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Mindy’s Love', which is a Jim Barlup hybrid documented as 'Nancy Evans' x 'Lionel's Triumph', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'Hotei',<br />Diploid 'Lem's Cameo',<br />Diploid 'Mindy’s Love',<br />Diploid 'Nancy Evans',<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill',<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-39580575316771437952010-12-19T01:13:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.742-08:00'Isabel Pierce' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Isabel Pierce', which is a Lawrence Pierce hybrid documented as 'Anna' x 'Lem's Goal', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'Isabel Pierce',<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill',<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'<br /><br />Source: Greer Gardens<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-83594731673799202322010-12-18T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.752-08:00'Naselle' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Naselle', which is a James Elliott hybrid documented as 'Big Sam' x 'Lem's Cameo', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'Lem's Cameo',<br />Diploid 'Naselle',<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill',<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-22204274688586414792010-12-16T01:01:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.774-08:00'Mother of Pearl' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Mother of Pearl', which is documented as a sport of 'Pink Pearl', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'Mother of Pearl',
<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',
<br />Triploid ''Ebony Pearl',
<br />Triploid 'Topsvoort Pearl',
<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'
<br />
<br />Source: Whitney Nursery
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-76229633780399707682010-12-01T01:00:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:52.953-08:00'Normal Gill' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Norman Gill', which is a Gill hybrid documented as 'Beauty of Tremough' x <em>R. griffithianum</em>, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Norman Gill' has as a descendant 'Anna'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill'<br /><br />Source: Van Veen Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-21880874192181024162010-11-26T07:44:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.009-08:00'One Thousand Butterflies' is a DiploidRhododendron 'One Thousand Butterflies', which is a J. G. Lofthouse hybrid documented as 'Lem's Cameo' x 'Pink Petticoats', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Anna',<br />Diploid 'Lem's Cameo',<br />Diploid 'One Thousand Butterflies',<br />Diploid 'Norman Gill',<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-27186338321428090062010-11-25T04:44:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.020-08:00'Summer Peach' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Summer Peach', which is a Jim Barlup hybrid documented as 'Whitney's Late Peach' X 'Phyllis Korn', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Summer Peach' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii', 'Pink Pearl', 'Gomer Waterer', and 'Phyllis Korn' which are all triploids. 'Summer Peach' has as descendants 'Peach Recital' and 'Summer Wind' which are both diploids.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Diane',<br />Diploid 'Madame Carvalho',<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',<br />Diploid 'Peach Recital',<br />Diploid 'Summer Peach',<br />Diploid 'Summer Wind',<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',<br />Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-4074979328840591002010-11-24T03:26:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.032-08:00'J.G. Millais' is a DiploidRhododendron 'J.G. Millais', which is a 1915 Waterer hybrid documented as 'Ascot Brilliant' x 'Pink Pearl', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by
<br />
<br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro
<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,
<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,
<br />Department of Life Sciences,
<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,
<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.
<br />
<br />Rhododendron 'J.G. Millais' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii' and 'Pink Pearl' which are both triploids.
<br />
<br />Summary of Ploidy Levels
<br />
<br />Diploid 'J.G. Millais',
<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',
<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'
<br />
<br />Source: Van Veen Nursery
<br />
<br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-22834355948196068642010-11-23T04:15:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.044-08:00'Graf Zeppelin' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Graf Zeppelin', which is a C. B. Van Nes hybrid documented as 'Pink Pearl' x 'Mrs. Charles S. Sargent', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Rhododendron 'Graf Zeppelin' has as ancestors 'Broughtonii' and 'Pink Pearl' which are both triploids.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Graf Zeppelin',<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl'<br /><br />Source: Van Veen Nursery<br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-37991621932218340212010-11-22T03:13:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.066-08:00'Kathy Van Veen' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Kathy Van Veen', which is a documented as a sport of 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Kathy Van Veen',<br />Diploid 'The Honorable Jean Marie de Montague'<br /><br />Source Marc Colombel<br /> <br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-60329626194181666452010-11-21T12:54:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.077-08:00'Voluptuous' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Voluptuous', which is a Werner Brack hybrid documented as 'Scintillation' X 'Mary Belle', has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Voluptuous'<br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-28950496910425406212010-11-10T03:34:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.201-08:00'Diane' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Diane', which is a Koster hybrid documented as a 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith' hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />'Diane' is the seed parent of 'Phyllis Korn', which is a triploid. 'Gomer Waterer', which is a triploid and has 'Broughtonii' and 'Pink Pearl' as ancestors, is the pollen parent of 'Phyllis Korn'.<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid 'Diane',<br />Diploid 'Mrs. Lindsay Smith',<br />Diploid 'Rothenburg',<br />Triploid 'Broughtonii',<br />Triploid 'Gomer Waterer',<br />Triploid 'Phyllis Korn',<br />Triploid 'Pink Pearl' <br /><br />Source: Whitney Nursery<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26039855.post-27320204827525423342010-11-07T05:22:00.000-08:002012-01-29T09:46:53.235-08:00'Betty Hume' is a DiploidRhododendron 'Betty Hume', which is a C.O. Dexter hybrid, has been determined to be a diploid using flow cytometry by<br /><br />Dr. João Loureiro, Dr. Silvia Castro, José Cerca, and Mariana Castro<br />Plant Ecology and Evolution Group,<br />Centre for Functional Ecology,<br />Department of Life Sciences,<br />Faculty of Science and Technology,<br />University of Coimbra, Portugal.<br /><br />The nursery literature often mentions the following as suspected polyploids:<br /><br />'August Lamkin': suspected polyploid - tested triploid,<br />'Betty Hume': suspected tetraploid - tested diploid,<br />'Gargantua': suspected triploid - tested tetraploid,<br />'Hallelujah!': suspected tetraploid - tested triploid,<br />'Marie Hoffman': suspected tetraploid - tested diploid<br /><br />Summary of Ploidy Levels<br /><br />Diploid Betty Hume<br /><br />Source: Werner Brack<br />Source: Don Hyatt<br /><br />John and Sally PerkinsUSAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06082901465325697442noreply@blogger.com